Thursday, May 14, 2020

Harvard Business Review Lady Gaga (B) - 1893 Words

Lady Gaga is a singer, songwriter that has recently reached superstar status. Her footprint began within the music industry in 2008 and since then, she has become a household name. However, music is not the only entity that makes Lady Gaga a household name. Because her artistic nature goes beyond creating music, brands have sought her creative talent. She had a hand in designing headphones created by a legendary artist and producer (France, 2009), and has designed Polaroid Products like camera glasses and an instant digital camera (Lady gaga named, 2010). Lady Gaga also has a brand partnership with mobile telephone network operator, Virgin Mobile and is a contributor to the MAC Cosmetics’ Viva Glam advertising campaign (Vena, 2010).†¦show more content†¦They also must consider the risk of uncontrollable circumstances. For example, concerts canceled due to venue or weather issues. It is imperative to identify the target audience of Gaga and the current environment capa ble of promoting a steady growth for new Lady Gaga fans who will patronize seats for a new concert. Based on her popularity and ability to fill up â€Å"mega† venues during her Monster’s Ball Tour, Carter could look at additional venues that support larger crowds and consider cities that Lady Gaga has yet to perform. Section III: Secondary Problems While reaching superstar status within the music industry presents multiple challenges, activities behind the scenes are what makes or breaks an artist. The level of collaboration involved in producing an album or hosting a tour is equally critical as Lady Gaga remembering the words to her songs. With any success story, long hours and hard work are always involved. Lady Gaga would not want her team overworked, without rewarding results. Lady Gaga’s team has what it takes to have an off the charts album. HBR Case #2 5 They must first decide whether concert-ticket sales or recorded-music sales are more important in launching her new album and forwarding her music career. In a sense, Lady Gaga’s compelling image is congruent with her music, which led her career to skyrocket.Show MoreRelatedMarketing Mix Analysis, And s Growth Matrix3309 Words   |  14 Pages Executive Summary Beats By Dre has quickly become a global brand since its release in 2008. People have criticized their products, calling them overrated. Our goal today isn’t to review the products Beats has released, but to analyze the strategies Beats went through to become the best selling headphone company. It is important to understand the strategies companies have used to learn from not only their successes but also their failures. This report will address and highlight strategies suchRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Master s thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. Nowadays, the most frequently used approach to make money forRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pagesl Social Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace Logistics Masters thesis Xiaoyan Hu 2011 Department of Information and Service Economy Aalto University School of Economics ABSTRACT The term of social media is becoming increasingly popular presently, the amount of social media users is growing dramatically, and the monetization of social media has been discussed in publications but not in details. Nowadays, the most frequently used approach to make money forRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 PagesStudent Work Assignments Case Study Teaching Notes 6 7 8 8 12 19 20 25 27 27 28 28 29 Chapters 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Crisis Management Essay - 1103 Words

Crises Management in Public Schools Review of Crisis in Public Schools throughout the United States Throughout the United States students in public schools have experienced many crises. Students have witnessed or experienced many different types of crisis which can include: violence, death, accidents, family issues, natural disasters and terrorism. Statistics from the National Center for Educational Statistics (2008) show that in the 2003-04 school year there were 19 homicides and 3 suicides that occurred at school. Outside of school in the 2003-04 school year there were 1,437 homicides and 1,285 suicides of youth ages 5 to 18. According to the Fatality Analysis Reporting System Encyclopedia (2008) in the year 2007, there were†¦show more content†¦Resent research on crisis management plans The Center for Mental Health in Schools at UCLA (2008) created a 161 page crisis prevention and response plan for schools to use as a resource. In it they define the major facets of crisis response as being: 1. communica tion, 2. direction and coordination, and 3. health and safety. These major facets should be implemented during the emergency, immediate aftermath, days/weeks following, and in prevention. The Psychological First Aid approach which was developed by the National Center for PTSD to help children, adolescents, adults, and families in the immediate aftermath of disaster and terrorism should also be included in the crisis management plan. It is â€Å"designed to reduce the initial distress caused by traumatic events and to foster short-and long-term adaptive functioning and coping† (NCTSN, 2006). The Psychological First Aid for school aged children should be implemented immediately after the trauma and includes three basic objectives: managing the situation, mobilizing support, and following up. Definition and signs of posttraumatic stress disorder Posttraumatic Stress Disorder â€Å"is an anxiety disorder that can occur after you have been through a traumatic event†¦ during this type of event, you think that your life orShow MoreRelatedCrisis Management Tenerife7570 Words   |  31 PagesTerm Project Crisis Management Tenerife Planes Crash Case Study Table of Contents Contents Page Abstract History Key Discussion Question 1 – 9 Conclusion and Recommendation References 1 3 5 21 23 Abstract The Tenerife Disaster is a well known event among the aviation industry for being the worst air accident in human history. A Dutch KLM 747 and an American Pan Am 747 crashed into each other at a Spanish airport in the Canary Islands resulted in 583 death and a extensive mediaRead MoreCoffee and Crisis Management Team21317 Words   |  86 PagesCoffee Company Crisis Case - Part I Dr. Phillip G. Clampitt Cases in Media Management August 1, 2009 Crisis Management Team: PuRr-Luscious Ladies Debra Dobson Diane LeVeque Joyce Jentges Karen Sobiesczyk Proposed Crisis Management Plan 2 Table of Contents - Part I Purpose of Crisis Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦4 Overview of Starbucks. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..........5 Acknowledgement Forms ...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦............†¦.†¦.......10 Crisis Rehearsal DatesRead MoreCrisis management; BP2129 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Introduction When an organization is in a crisis, it dominates the organization’s agenda and requires immediate action. 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It will also give personal opinions on the case of crisis prevention and farther explain the role of various societal authorities in crisis escalationRead MoreCrisis Management: Disaster in Chile Essay3388 Words   |  14 Pagesenormous applauds from the world for their meticulous and systematic crisis management. Based on the Chile mine disaster, I would like to discuss some issues arising from the catastrophe in which it will be the nature of the crisis, the steps of crisis management, and the effectiveness of Chilean government on the crisis management. First of all, I would like to talk about about the nature of crises. In order to manage a crisis, one must first understand that crises occur abruptly, it cannot beRead MoreReexamining Crisis Management Philosophy1699 Words   |  7 Pagesthis paper, I present two riveting case scenarios containing the unadulterated recollection of my direct personal experiences in crisis management. Both cases provide authoritative details of life threatening events and the quick response by key individuals with direct corporate responsibility for managing the pre-crisis, in-crisis and post-crisis events. Crisis management is a highly complex field. Therefore, a plausible approach to managing crises would require simplifying the functional relationshipRead MoreCrisis and Emergency Management15250 Words   |  61 PagesCRISIS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT: A Guide for Managers of the Public Service of Canada CCMD Action-Research Roundtable on Crisis Management CHAIRED BY ANDRÉ GLADU BY PATRICK BOISVERT AND RAPHAËL MOORE For more information or copies, please contact the Research and University Relations Branch of the Canadian Centre for Management Development Telephone: (613) 947-3682 Facsimile: (613) 992-1736 Internet: publications@ccmd-ccg.gc.ca The opinions expressed in this publication are those

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Steroids In Sports Essay Example For Students

Steroids In Sports Essay All about SteroidsUnderstanding steroidSteroids natureSteroids that are used by athletes are the artificial form of testosterone, a human hormone released by the body to stimulate and maintain the male sexual organs. Testosterone is called a male hormone since it is produced in men in large quantities compared to the quantity produced in women (Mishra, 1-2). Hormones that are produced by the testes and the adrenal gland in men and ovaries and adrenal gland in women contains certain kind of fat called steroids, natural ones, which means solid in Greek. The body produces about 600 different kinds of steroids called androgens these kinds include testosterone. The amount of testosterone produced in males is about 10 to 15 times more than in women. For this reason we notice that women who uses steroids have masculine characteristics (Yesalis, 23-24). A male human body produce an average of 2.5 to 11 mg of testosterone daily, while the average user of steroids take about 100 mg daily (Mish ra, 2). When we talk about steroids we are referring to the anabolic-androgenic steroids, but athletes are more concerned with the anabolic property. Anabolic in Greek means, to build while androgenic means masculinizing. Androgenic effect plays a role in the maturation of the male reproduction system and is responsible for hair growth and the deepening of the voice while anabolic effect helps in the growth of the muscles by providing them by retained protein (Anabolic steroids, 1). Anabolic steroids are the result from tests that are were made to produce a drug that has tissue-building ability that of the testosterone and at the same time separating it from testosterones masculinizing properties. Since the separation did not fully worked out, the proper name of this drug is anabolic-androgenic steroids although it is called anabolic steroids or just steroids (Yesalis, 24). Steroids DevelopmentFrom the early ages man was concerned in increasing his power and his sexual ability. Athl etes in the old Greek used to take some wine mixed with strychnine, stimulus of the CNS, taken from plants. Others ate hallucinogenic drugs (Reuters, 1). In 140 BC Indians used to eat testicle tissue that gave them sexual ability and helped in overcoming impotence problems. During 2000 Babylonians noticed that castration did not only caused fertility problems but also they lose their aggressiveness and power (Yesalis, 31-32). Steroids were first developed in the 1930s By Dr. Charles Kockakian, who was called the father of anabolic steroids, to prevent body tissues from breaking down due diseases, but the illegal use of steroids started in the Olympic games in the 1950s after the athletic committee has found that Russian athletes and some East European nations athletics won the majority of the medals and that was due to the use of steroids (Mishra, 1). This was a result after Paul de Kruif a science writer suggested in 1940s the idea of using the tissue-building drug to be used in sp orts so that athletes could enhance their performance. However, the mystery of the movement of drugs from laboratory to sports is not discovered yet, since no one know how steroids invaded every kind of sports (Yesalis, 34-36). After discovering the tissue-building property so many researches were done to isolate this property from androgenic property, but this was impossible. Researchers changed the testosterones chemical structure by adding esters that is a combination of alcohol and acid after water is removed. These testosterone esters became the major drug for all athletes (Yesalis, 34). Using WaysSteroids can be taken in many different ways; it could be orally (pills or capsules), by injection with a syringe (as a viscous liquid), or by skin creams or patches. Steroids that are taken orally have their chemical structure helps them to be quickly cleaned by the liver but at the same time it is toxic to the liver. Steroids users often take steroids in cycles each episode lasts from 6 to 12 weeks or more. During their cycles users begin with low doses then increase the doses to go back to lower doses (Yesalis, 25). Moreover, users always stack, use different kinds of steroids and that to give more effect and reduce side effects and avoid detection (Ringhofer, 174). Some steroids users take other drugs concurrently with steroids this is called array. The aim behind these drugs is to lessen the side effects of steroids. For example these drugs could contain diuretic to handle fluid retention, anti-estrogens to prevent breast development, chorionic gonadotrophine to reduce testicular atrophy and anti-acne medication. Athletes take dosage depending on each particular sport; sprinters take about 1.5 to 2 times than the normal average which is 7 mg of testosterone a day, while body builders who are seeking to bulk up take about 10 to 100 more than the normal average (Yesalis, 26). Users and Causes of Using SteroidsThere are so many different kinds of people who use steroids; mainly they are athletes who want to compete, kids who are trying it for the first time and other school athletes, coaches in the GYM take steroids so they will look more muscular and huge from those who are training. On the other side, some people who perform hard work like policeman, fireman uses steroids to be more energetic. Models, dancers, and movie stars all of them take steroids for a better image (Yesalis, 5). Steroids have a medical use too. They help many patients who are going to make a surgery, for the elderly how want to regulate their hormones and many others use ster oids to fight problems resulting from HIV and AIDS. But all these will not be our issue of discussion in this paper since we will concentrate on athletes use of steroids (Yesalis, 6). The sociological aspect is the main reason behind using steroids. So many athletes and people mainly males think that large and strong muscles will give them a masculine look. Others accept nothing but winning and this put a lot of pressure on them; in such cases, they start taking steroids. Other reason behind steroids use is that some school or college athletes are looking forward for a scholarship and steroids can help a lot. Moreover, people are concerned more with short-term results than long-term health consequences (Mishra, 3). Mechanism of ActionThere is one clear evidence that during hard training two things happen. First, the level of testosterone drops in the human body to the level of the castrated one. The other thing is that body release glucocrticoids which break down tissue, catabolic effect. We conclude that over training may cause muscle decrease. As a result the importance of steroids use while training is increasing. Steroids help in increasing protein syntheses through its interaction with the targeted tissue. So after the DNA in the cell, chromosome, interact with the anabolic steroids that have reached through the blood, various enzyme, structural and contractile proteins formation take place. This helps muscles to grow faster (Yesalis, 27-29). The other thing is Placebo Effect; it is the physical or the psychological change that results from taking an inert substance, believing that this inert will have a therapeutic effect. This was the case even in ancient times. Placebo effects result fr om a persons imagination that he can achieve more, moreover in some cases there are improvements based on objective clinical standards (Yesalis, 30-31). Finally, Nervous System and Psychological effects; our main concern is aggression that is associated with harsh sports, like wrestling, is looked at as an improving performance act. However, it is logical that more aggressiveness while training leads to more benefit, and makes the person achieve more and at the same time athletes would not feel their pain and fatigue. Never the less, studies indicated that steroids have biochemical foundation since in addition for the steroids effect on CNS and neuromuscular junction, a huge muscular man acting in an aggressive way will be noticed more than a small man acting aggressively since the larger man can do greater damage (Yesalis, 30) Steroids EffectAthletes Performance and appearanceAfter some doses of steroids a person will witness an increase in appetite, aggression, energy and rapid re covery from workouts. All of this happens at the beginning and without noticing any side effects (Ringhofer, 175). The main objective of athletes behind using steroids is that they need to increase their strength, increase muscle mass and reduce fat, also to increase their endurance and a faster recovery from exercise so they can practice more often (Yesalis, 40). All relevant information about steroids effect on performance is based on athletes experience and studies made on human. Based on these studies the effect is divided into three categories: Aerobic capacity and endurance, body composition, and strength performance (Yesalis, 41). 76.6% / 1862 words / There are no equal opportuniti... EssayEducational ApproachEducation plays a major role in controlling steroids. Many schools added steroids wakefulness to their educational programs explaining their real dangers (Yesalis, 87). Oregon Model of education against steroids carried by the Oregon health sciences university, Portland, says that neither scare tactics is a way to stop athletes from taking steroids, nor a lecture at the beginning of the sports season. Their work emphasized more on the behavioral intent, body image, incentives toward drug use and arresting drug traders. The program did not only involve the athletes but also the parents, the teams and coaches so they will be able to create a healthy social sphere (Yesalis, 90). In addition, the ATLAS, Adolescents Training and Learning to Avoid Steroids, prevention program approved that participants, relative to a control group, were less dragged to steroids and trying it since they know its side effects i n addition to its benefits, as a result they know how to avoid it and concentrate more on their nutrition. The ATLAS program has fourteen sessions with three main concepts. First, weight training skills. Second, nutrition information for sports. Last, anabolic steroids education, like that of Oregon (Yesalis, 91). Treatment programsSome times stopping steroids may cause major consequences, so the most important thing is to keep a bond with the athlete and provide him with proper education, counseling, and reassurance. For this reason the doctor treating the athlete must not be judgmental, he must be knowledgeable and understanding (Yesalis, 124). Anabolic steroids are considered to be addictive. A person taking steroids become dependent, since it changes their physical appearance and increase the effort to achieve more. Some athletes reported: When faced with the syringe, even my own worst fears did not matter, I could not stop. 17-inch arms were not enough, I want 20. And when I g ot to 20, I was sure that I would want 22,. . Major problem with steroids treatment is that it costs so much of money (Yesalis, 116). Depression symptoms caused from quitting steroids sometimes leads to suicide. There are certain characteristics that show that a person is in need for help: First, retarded behavior associated with depressive disorder. Second, sudden change in moods such as euphoria, irritability, depression or anxiety. Third, slower and disorganized thinking. Fourth, Suicidal thoughts and last but not least, hallucinations (Yesalis, 121). Some patients experiencing uncontrolled aggression need anti-psychotic medication; others need hospitalization so they could have all the support needed. (Yesalis, 121-22). InterpretationIn my opinion, I consider that athletes are misusing steroids. The main reason behind establishing steroids was to prevent body tissues from breaking down, and to help the elderly in regulating their hormones and many others to help them fighting against HIV AIDS. However, athletes adapted this invention for inappropriate purposes and to cheat and compete in an unfair way. Since, sport represents the finest in physical development and human striving and will, steroids use among athletes opposes this representation. Society still does not fully recognize the negative effects that steroids have on the health of athletes and the way sports are played. I believe that every one is responsible for preventing steroids use including athletes, coaches and parents. Steroids cause a lot of harm that we must be aware of. First, an athlete may suffer physical and psychological harm because of steroids. Second, the use of steroids for no medical purposes is a violation of federal laws. Third, using anabolic steroids is cheating and violates the rules of virtually every sport. Finally, yet importantly, steroids contaminate sports because results are obtained by unnatural means. Some people defend steroids use by stating that they give users a tremendous physical advantage. However, it is the price of that advantage that worries me. There are two important things to bear in mind about steroids. First, they are very powerful drugs that affect both mind and body. Second, when elite athletes take steroids to secretly enhance their physical sports performance they tarnish the purity of all sports competitions. Works CitedAnabolic steroids. ESPN.com. Sep. 6 2000. Apr 19 2001. a href=http://espn.go.com/special/s/drugsandsports/steroids.htmlhttp://espn.go.com/special/s/drugsandsports/steroids.htmlFarry, Tom. Juicers: Scare tactics do not work. ESPN.com. Dec. 14 2000. 20 Apr 2001. Sports and Steroids. Kirk, D.N., M.P. Hartshorn. Steroid Reaction Mechanisms.Amesterdam:Elsevier Publishing Co., 1968. Mishra, Raja. Steroids and sports are a losing proposition. FDA Consumer. 25.7. p24. Sep 1991. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Steroids. Noble, Kate. When Winning Loses Out: This is the year that integrity will count for more than victory at any price. Time International. 157.4. p.70. Jan 29 2001. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Paterson, Ellen R. Steroids and Sports. RQ. 29.1. p. 20-23. Fall 1989. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Steroids and Sports. Phillips, Andrew. The Olympic Drug Cloud: were these the shame games .. or the start of real crackdown on doping? Macleans. p 52. Oct 9 2000. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Racing Demons: Use of performance-enhancing drugs may grab sporting headlines, but the real tragedy is what happens later. Time International. 157.10. p 50+. Mar 12 2001. Infotrac. Galegroup. Lebanese American University Library, Beirut. 18 Apr 2001. Sports and Drugs. Reuters. Drugs as old as Olypmpia, as new as the Internet ESPN.com. Sep. 19 2000. 19 Apr 2001. ;http://espn.go.com/oly/summers/00/s/2000/0905/724370.html;Ringhofer, Kevin R., ; Martha E. Harding. Coaches Guide to Drugs and Sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1996. The Psycological Effects of Using Steroids. PlanetPapers. 20 Apr 2001. ;;a href=http://www.planetpapers.com/Assets/432.html;http://www.planetpapers.com/Assets/432.html;Yesalis, Charles E., ; Virginia S. Cowart. The Steroids Game: an experts inside look at anabolic steroid use in sports. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1998.

Friday, April 10, 2020

Physical Dependence Addiction free essay sample

Addiction in general is defined as the dependency of individuals to drugs, alcohol nicotine or any substance that when used abusively will lead to negative effects. It involves incalculable costs and the amount is higher that what one expected. A person is harmed due to the effects. There are also underlying factors why people wanted to incline themselves in addiction. Addiction causes deterioration of both the physical and psychological aspect of a person. Aside from personal harms, addiction also affects people like family and friends. The personality of an addict is totally changed by his/her habits. They often hesitate to interact with other people which make their socialization suffer too. Finding a job and studying in school is also affected by addiction. The performance and knowledge is also negatively affected by the bad habit incurred. Addiction is one societal problem that is hard to counter. It leads to moral weaknesses of people ad at the same tome it allows them to be more prone of committing other illegal behavior like delinquency and being a criminal. We will write a custom essay sample on Physical Dependence Addiction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Although there are treatments and rehabilitation programs available for addicts, the choice is still for them to make. This paper will analyze and discuss the definition of addiction and the causes, effects and treatment of this growing problem in every society. Definition of Addiction Addiction begins when something is developed as a habit and progresses fro there. It always ends up giving a chemical imbalance in a person’s body. It combines psychological state, moral dilemmas, pharmacology and discourse in an awkward manner (Hammersley Reid, 2002, pp.7-30). In today’s generation the concept of addiction is associated with the terms: â€Å"drug dependence† and â€Å"substance abuse† (Hammersley Reid, 2002, pp.7-30). In addition to the aforementioned definitions, addiction is also considered as a chronic, dangerous and dramatic condition of the physical and psychological state of well being. Addiction also deals with issues of control (Hammersley Reid, 2002, pp.7-30). According to McAdams (1993), addiction has the following criteria: (1)  Ã‚   Substance or alcohol abuse can lead to quicker and easier addiction. (2)  Ã‚   Addicts usually commit crime to support their habits. (3)  Ã‚   Psychoactive effects. (4)  Ã‚   Health damages and death. (5)  Ã‚   Ruthless criminals are the main suppliers of addiction paraphernalia. (6)  Ã‚   It has a long term effect and may become permanent. (McAdams, 1993). Causes of Addiction The causes of addiction have many complexities. The exact cause is hard to identify but the primary cause of it is moral weakness. Overindulging to something makes an individual an addict. The reason behind these depends on the kind of substance taken. On the case of drugs, there are reasons like to forget the pain that they are feeling or to suppress the sickness that they are experiencing. In the case of alcoholism, addicts usually drink to temporarily escape from reality. Consumption of alcohol, drugs or other addictive things is caused by the lack of resistance to peer pressure and out of curiosity (Armstrong Costello, 2002, pp. 1224-1239). Most addicts are in the stage of formation or those who are below the social ladder (Armstrong Costello, 2002, pp. 1224-1239). There are also individual cases of addiction caused by broken families, domestic violence and delinquency that lead them to addiction. Improper teaching from educational institutions may also be considered as one factor of addiction. Social pressure is a major factor in addiction (Armstrong Costello, 2002, pp. 1224-1239). No matter what standpoint of a person is about abstinence, he/she is more likely to become an addict once the pressure of friends and colleagues consumed him/her.   The enjoyment of consuming alcohol or drugs made an addict forget about problems and burdens. Types of Addiction There are two basic types of addiction. First is physical dependence and the second one is the psychological dependence. Physical Dependence The state of habitually using drugs often leads one to addiction. Once drug usage is withdrawn by an addict, it will cause something negative for him/her (McAdams, 1993). On the other hand too much dependency is really bad for one’s health. This type of addiction has symptoms of high blood pressure, tremors and sweating. If an addict failed to get a dosage of the drugs that he/she is dependent on, it will reflect something atrocious on his/her physical state. Life threatening situations are at hand like heart attack and sudden death (McAdams, 1993). A physically dependent addict always compulsively needs for the substance that he/she is hooked into. Withdrawal symptoms often characterize this type of addiction. Continuous addiction is motivated by physical dependence and the substance used by addicts usually gives pleasure or reduce pain. Such dependence also reduces the anxiety level of the user and gives an overwhelming feeling.

Monday, March 9, 2020

Thematic Unit Definition and Tips for Teachers

Thematic Unit Definition and Tips for Teachers A Thematic unit is the organization of a curriculum around a central theme. In other words, its a series of lessons that integrate subjects across the curriculum, such as math, reading, social studies, science, language arts, etc. that all tie into the main theme of the unit. Each activity should have a main focus toward the thematic idea. A thematic unit is much broader than just choosing a topic. They cover a wide range such as Australia, mammals, or the solar system. Many teachers choose a different thematic unit for their classroom each week, while others plan their teaching themes for two to nine weeks. Why Use Thematic Units It increases students interestHelps students understand connectionsExpands assessment strategiesKeeps students engagedcompacts the curriculumSaves teachers time because it incorporates all subjectsDraws on connections from the real world and life experiences Key Components of a Thematic Unit There are eight key components of a thematic unit lesson plan. Follow these guidelines when you are creating your classroom unit. Theme - Select the theme of the unit based on Common Core standards, student interests or student experience.Grade Level - Select the appropriate grade level.Objectives - Identify the specific objectives that you would like to master during the course of the unit.Materials - Determine the materials you will use throughout the unit.Activities - Develop the activities that you will use for your thematic unit. Make sure you cover activities across the curriculum.Discussion Questions - Create a variety of discussion questions to help students think about the theme of the unit.Literature Selections - Select a variety of books that correlate with the activities and the central theme of the unit.Assessment - Evaluate student progress throughout the unit. Measure student growth through rubrics or other means of assessment. Tips for Creating Thematic Units Here are three tips to help you create a thematic unit in your classroom. Find an engaging theme - Themes can be planned around books, benchmarks, skills students need to develop, or just from student interest. Find a theme that will motivate and captivate students interest. Units are typically longer than a week, so its important to find a theme that will keep the students engaged.Create fun activities - The activities you choose are the heart of the unit. These activities need to cross the curriculum and keep students interest. Learning centers are a great way for students to get hands-on experience while learning important skills.Evaluate Students Learning - While finding a central theme, and creating engaging cross-curriculum activities are important, so is evaluating what the students have learned. Portfolio-based assessment is a great way to see students progress throughout a period of time. For example, a habitat portfolio can be created to document the progress the students made throughout the unit of habitats.

Saturday, February 22, 2020

Professional Ethical Standards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Professional Ethical Standards - Essay Example The application process itself can be very lengthy and take several months to go through, with more than one interview, background checks, a driver’s license history, drug test and any other documents the Department of Corrections requires. The duties of the correctional officer: Provide security for public safety Provide security for staff and offenders To conduct counts and ensure all inmates are accounted for To pass out the mail to the offenders To collect the mail from the offenders To ensure that all inmates report to their job assignments To ensure that the dormitory is cleaned daily To ensure that the inmates are given the opportunity to eat meals To monitor the offender during yard time To search staff and visitors as they enter the prison, ensuring no contraband is brought in To search offenders in search of contraband To complete paperwork daily To inventory equipment daily Pass out medication Attend training classes Be flexible Be without actions, conducts, and beh aviors’ unbecoming or professional for an employee of the Department of corrections The shifts for all correctional officers’ start out the same, whether you are on first, second, or third shift. All officers entering a state prison or a county jail will be required to have their lunch bags searched and must clear a metal detector. Once clearing the security each officer will report to their assigned post. Count will be conducted to ensure that all offenders are accounted for upon arrival of the new shift. The officer will conduct an inventory of all equipment and medication on hand. The officer will then begin the daily log and tool check inventory. Work call will be announced and most of the offenders will exit the dorm to report to their own work area. The officer will now monitor the housemen to ensure that the dorm is cleaned and supplies have been issued. Housemen are usually inmates who have served a good amount of their time with good behavior, no incidents rep orts or write ups, and have been model inmates. Housemen gain the title of ‘housemen’ and are then allowed to stay in the dormitory and to keep the dormitory clean. The officer will check the security of all doors and windows and make thirty minutes radio checks to the control room, to ensure officer safety. The officer will enforce the rules and monitor the offender’s behavior. An officer must be alert and be willing to go into harm’s way to help other staff members and the offenders as well. Public safety is the number one task an officer must always be aware of. There are many visitors that go inside the prison and jails and officers must ensure their safety above all else. The officer must also be able to maintain their own stress levels and pay attention to the surroundings at all times. Medical emergencies do happen inside of prisons and jails. All officers are trained to perform CPR and expected to do CPR if the situation calls for it. Officers are required to hold their certification in weapons and have 40 hours of training a year to refresh their basic training. The ratio inside of a prison is usually about three to one; this is also the case in the jails. Inmates greatly outnumber officers so it is especially important that you be able to communicate effectively and treat inmates appropriately, while also being fair. Medical passes and issues may come up during your shift and you should know how to honor them

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Analysis on the medieval play Noah's Flood Research Paper

Analysis on the medieval play Noah's Flood - Research Paper Example Her character is belittled in the play as a woman who lacks wisdom, foresight and who is not submissive to her husband. Her reaction suggests that she likes gossiping with her friends and actually seems to prefer to stay on with them as opposed to going into the ark with Noah. According to her, her friends are the people who truly love her and care for her and she believes she is the only one that can ensure those friends are saved (Page 314: 200-8). In the case of Noah’s wife, the hierarchical trends in society are bucked to the extent that Noah appears to be a henpecked man who submits to the will of his wife; hence it is his wife who appears to have authority in their household. For example, despite her resistance to going into the ark, Noah is concerned about her and asks his sons to bring her on (www.lib.rochester.edu). He says: â€Å"Welcome wife, into the boat† (Page 315:245) but Noah’s wife’s reaction is to give him a sharp slap, with the response, â€Å"Have thou that for thy note!† (Page 315:246). Noah does not retaliate as another man would have done, to put his wife in her place with sharp, belittling words or physical violence. He winces at the slap he receives and says, â€Å"Aha Mary, this is hot!† (Page 315:247), but merely continues â€Å"It is good to be still.† (Page 315:248). The play about Noah’s Flood is very important in the religious context, because it sets out various themes that are later also replicated in the Bible. The inclusion and depiction of the character of Noah’s wife is significant, especially when compared to Adam and Eve. Noah appears to be like Adam – a godly man with a rebellious wife. Noah’s wife’s resistance to going into the ark appears to symbolize the sin of mankind (www.geocities.com). In a similar manner to Noah’s wife refusing to go into the ark, man also refuses to turn