cinco de mayo :: essays research papers

The 5th of May is not Mexican Independence Day, but it should be And Cinco de mayonnaise is not an American holiday, but it should be. Mexico declared its independence from mother Spain on midnight, the 15th of September, 1810. And it took 11 years before the first Spanish soldiers were told and forced to leave Mexico. So, why Cinco de Mayo? And why should Americans savor this day as well? Because 4,000 Mexican soldiers smashed the French and traitor Mexican army of 8,000 at Puebla, Mexico, 100 miles east of Mexico urban center on the morning of May 5, 1862. The French had landed in Mexico (along with Spanish and English troops) five months earlier on the pretext of collecting Mexican debts from the fresh elected government of democratic President (and Indian) Benito Juarez. The English and Spanish quickly made deals and left. The French, however, had different ideas. Under Emperor Napoleon III, who detested the United States, the French came to stay. They brought a Hapsburg princ e with them to rule the new Mexican empire. His name was Maximilian his wife, Carolota. Napoleons French Army had not been defeated in 50 years, and it invaded Mexico with the finest modern equipment and with a newly reconstituted outside Legion. The French were not afraid of anyone, especially since the United States was embroiled in its own Civil War. The French Army left the port of Vera Cruz to attack Mexico city to the west, as the French assumed that the Mexicans would give up should their capital fall to the enemy -- as European countries traditionally did. Under the command of Texas-born General Zaragosa, (and the gymnastic horse under the command of Colonel Porfirio Diaz, later to be Mexicos president and dictator), the Mexicans awaited. Brightly dressed French Dragoons led the enemy columns. The Mexican Army was less stylish. General Zaragosa lucid Colonel Diaz to take his cavalry, the best in the world, out to the French flanks. In response, the French did a most stup id thing they sent their cavalry off to label Diaz and his men, who proceeded to butcher them. The remaining French infantrymen charged the Mexican defenders through sloppy mud from a thunderstorm and through hundreds of head of stampeding cattle stirred up by Indians armed only with machetes. When the battle was over, many French were killed or wounded and their cavalry was being chased by Diaz superb horsemen miles away.

Greed In Sports :: essays research papers

Greed Among Professional Athletes     Due to the greediness of sports figures, professional athletes are not punished in the same manner as other professionals are. It is like they are in a completely disparate group that uses an entirely different set of morals. Team owners care more ab verboten reservation their money that they do about setting a good example for young kids and making professional sports fun again rather than a business. Three good examples of this greediness are Roberto Alomar, Warren Sapp, and Dennis Rodman. Team owners and their respective leagues need to do something to minute this situation around before they have murderers and rapists looseness of the bowelsing sports for millions of dollars a year.      Roberto Alomar craps 5.5 million dollars a year due to his five Gold Gloves. He is one of major league baseballs best all around players and is destined for the Hall of Fame. In a 1996 divisional playoff game, Al omar was up to bat. Umpire John Hirschbeck called Alomar out on strikes. Alomar went back to the dugout where he started to argue the call with Hirschbeck. The umpire finally tossed Alomar. Orioles manager Davey Johnson along with Alomar went racing to home plate to argue the ejection. As Alomar was being pushed away by Johnson, he spit at Hirschbeck. Alomar was suspended for five games which was to be served at the beginning of the 1997 season, so he could continue to play in the playoffs. In my Wallace 2opinion, this act was indefensible and warranted a stiffer penalty than a five-game suspension. Major league umpires threatened to strike during the playoffs due to Alomars manner and inadequate punishment. I believe that the league did not suspend Alomar during the playoffs because he is such a high profile player that he brings in becoming money for the league that league that officials felt they could justify their actions.      Warren Sapp was one of the b est defensive players in the 1995 NFL draft. Sapp had tested positive for drugs mainly marijuana, seven multiplication while playing college football at Miami, including once for cocaine (Wolff 49). In the beginning Sapp called reports, "a total fabrication," but later changed his story and said he did flunk one drug test at Miami (Wolff 49). Even after this admission of guilt, the NFL, still wanting to allow him to play so he could make them money, tried to brighten his image by saying that Sapp did not test positive for cocaine, oddly omitting any mention of marijuana (Price 48).

Wal Mart :: essays research papers

Identify and evaluate the marketing strategies that Wal-Mart pursued to maintain its growth and marketing leadership position? What factors should a firm mete out in the development of its marketing strategy. In my analysis of the article, the marketing strategies employed by Wal-Mart areI. Cost LeadershipWal-Mart commits to deliver forest products with the lowest price. Wal-Marts prices are up to 15% cheaper than other stores. Wal-Marts store managers are given authority to lower prices based on the local competition. Wal-Mart stores are construct in the outskirts of large cities and communities with the warehouse appearance that giving them the competition advantages in low leasing and maintenance costs.From my evaluation, the cost-leadership strategy helps Wal-Mart to fulfill the market niche of costumers looking for quality goods at a bargain price. This was the market-penetration and market-development strategy that helped the company penetrates and expands in its target mar ket. Wal-Mart is somewhat protected from manufacture competitors by its cost advantages. If the rivalry within the industry competes on price, Wal-Mart is withstanding better then other companies because of its lower overhead costs and advanced inventory system. II. Differentiations and Operation Effectiveness.Apart from the cost leadership, Wal-Marts philosophies of excellence in the workplace, customer service, warmer feeling store and its core competencies in unique product inventory systems helped Wal-Mart gains a quality leadership that placed Wal-Mart in the competitory advantage against its competitors. From my analysis, the danger still exists for Wal-Mart is the competition can easily imitate Wal-Marts method. This is already apparent with Target and Kmart building new stores resembling the supercenter format and emulating Wal-Mart slipway by introducing people greeters, upgrading interior, developing new logos and signage, and introduce new inventory response system. In order to fight this threat, Wal-Mart needs to exploit its dicker power over its suppliers and pass the benefits on to its customers in the form of quality brand name items available at lower than competitive prices.

Essay --

Prioritizing care is one of the first things that nurses learn in their career. Prioritizing requires critical thinking whether it comes to discharging a unhurried, caring for a uncomplaining, or delegating a task to a LPN or CNA. As the charge nurse they must look at the whole picture and non just the tasks that need to be done. The charge nurse is the one makes the assignments for the individual nurses, so if there happens to be a float nurse from a various department they might give them the patients with the lowest acuity depending on the nurses experience. The charge nurse must know which patients could be discharged if there was an emergency to arise or not enough hospital beds for those patients who need to be admitted. For example, the nurse is not going to recommend someone who came in with a heart attack they would most likely recommend someone who is two days post op and is being discharged to a rehab facility in a couple of days. It is the charge nurses duty to make that everyone providing great and safe care to the patient. Prioritization is to make trustworthy that the patient receives safe and quality care. A nurse would prioritize care of a patient based on their individual needs. The nurse uses critical thinking to determine what issues need to be addressed first, such as assessing the patients respirations, circulation, neurosensory, food and fluid intake, bowel and bladder eliminations, comfort, rest, sleep, safety, activity, hygiene, significant relationships, ego, integrity and sexuality. The first level of prioritizing to makes sure that the patients ABCs are not compromised. ABCs refer to airway, breathing, and circulation. The nurse is going to take care of a patient who is having trouble breathing or does not... ...ing student would take the patient to the bathroom, while they are in there get pain meds for my other patient, get the first patient back to bed, check in on the patient that is doing well and let them know I woul d be back with their meds shortly, go talk to family, and then do the discharge. Its basic and one piece could turn approximately that whole scenario. With prioritization this can also help the nurse save duration, because then one knows how much time is needed for each task that needs to be done. In conclusion prioritizing in nursing is important to insure the patient safety, by ensuring their safety, they are not only ensuring proper care, they are making sure that everything following their care is done properly and that the right tasks are being delegated to the proper person, so proper care is given at proper time and they are always acting as patient advocate

Essay --

This part discusses the key findings found in the previous chapter and relates in to the literature review variance of this look into. All of the research objectives were met and research questions had definite conclusive answers. The information gotten from the questionnaires appears in a flow linking all research objectives together and answering all research questions which will be discussed and analysed below one after the other. Objective 1To understand variety and how its absence leads to the failure of businessesInnovation is a change in technology, source of organizational renewal & growth and the primary source of competitive advantage (Porter 1990). Question 10 & 11 gives us some understanding of invention and Question 7 & 8 gives leads on how lack of intent can lead to business failure. Questions 10 required respondents to say the propose direction they retrieve innovation should be directed to. 17 respondents were of the opinion that innovation should be inspired fr om employees and those at the bottom of the faceal hierarchy because they argon in constant password with customers. Those at the bottom like employees at the customer service know a lot more about customers needs, wants and complains compared to the knowledge hand management has about customers. 3 of the respondents were of the opinion that management has more experience, exposure and business knowledge as compared to lower level employees and so should influence innovation and then get employees execute it. This approach is usually not the best because management are not in direct contact with customers and so influencing innovation will be like dictation what employees should offer customers. 26 respondents said management should influenc... ...they want to innovate because the goods and/or services they want to produce are for the customers. If management innovates without customers consent, they may manufacture something customers dont want and they product and/or service will not be accepted which will stiff wasted resources producing them. Despite the important role customers play in innovation, famous leaders like Steve Jobs of Apple and Henry Ford of Ford dont see the importance of taking customers opinion into consideration when innovating. Question 9 asked whether customers should be taken into consideration when an organisation wants to innovate. 72% of respondents powerfully agreed that customers should be considered, 26% agreed, 2% disagreed and no one was neutral or strongly disagreed. This study proves that customers are a vital part of an organisation especially when innovation is concerned.

Essay --

This part discusses the key findings found in the previous chapter and relates in to the literature review section of this explore. All of the research objectives were met and research questions had definite conclusive answers. The information gotten from the questionnaires appears in a flow linking all research objectives together and answering all research questions which will be discussed and analysed beneath one after the other. Objective 1To understand innovation and how its absence leads to the failure of businessesInnovation is a change in technology, source of organizational alteration & growth and the primary source of competitive advantage (Porter 1990). Question 10 & 11 gives us some understanding of innovation and Question 7 & 8 gives leads on how lack of innovation can lead to business failure. Questions 10 required respondents to say the propose direction they think innovation should be order to. 17 respondents were of the opinion that innovation should be inspired from employees and those at the bottom of the organisational hierarchy because they are in constant discussion with customers. Those at the bottom the same(p) employees at the customer service know a lot more about customers needs, wants and complains compared to the knowledge top management has about customers. 3 of the respondents were of the opinion that management has more experience, exposure and business knowledge as compared to lower level employees and so should influence innovation and then get employees scat it. This approach is usually not the best because management are not in direct contact with customers and so influencing innovation will be like dictation what employees should offer customers. 26 respondents said management should influenc... ...they want to innovate because the goods and/or services they want to produce are for the customers. If management innovates without customers consent, they may invent something customers dont want and they product and/or service will not be accepted which will mean wasted resources producing them. Despite the most-valuable role customers play in innovation, famous leaders like Steve Jobs of Apple and Henry Ford of Ford dont see the importance of pickings customers opinion into consideration when innovating. Question 9 asked whether customers should be taken into consideration when an organisation wants to innovate. 72% of respondents strongly agreed that customers should be considered, 26% agreed, 2% disagreed and no one was neutral or strongly disagreed. This study proves that customers are a vital part of an organisation especially when innovation is concerned.

Significant Event

One of these events stands out in particular to me and had he greatest impact in my life. Physically disciplining a child has a dramatic impact on both the child as well as the parent. As a child I remember that for any fine misbehaver resulted in a physical penalization as well as getting yelled at, as time went by my mind was set that I already knew when the beating was going to come. My family continue to be very big on respect and discipline, but at the time little did they know that by hitting us they werent just punishing us for a little while, they were in fact pushing us away and causing frustration, at clock even hatred.I also researched that in result of physically handicaping children increases their risk of mental illness, in which resulted when I came upon this article which states that Its pretty well established that physically harming children has a negative impact on mental health, but this is showing the same effect even when you look at milder forms of physical force. This is saying that physical punishment should not be used on children of any age. Each perspective has its strengths and weaknesses, which brings difference to our understanding of the human behavior.In my situation am going to go with the behavioral perspective, as well as the psychodrama perspective. By looking at the physical punishment from a behaviorism perspective, conditioning by pain requires that the consequence ever occurs immediately after every incident. The psychodrama perspective states that in puerility certain incidents may occur that produce behaviors in their adulthood. Many different conflicts throughout childhood development shape overall personality. Observational learning refers to learning that occurs as a function of observing, and placating behavior observed in which is particular during childhood.I later figured out that the way my mother and aunts were physically punishing me, resulted in the fact that they learned from my grandmother, they co mpletely mimicked the way my grandmother punished them. As I grew older I began to express myself to them in a matter that I felt curious I began to question why would they always physically harm my cousins as well as myself, their excuse still remains the exact same in which they say That it is simply something they grew up seeing on a daily basis. SST memories are not always accurate which can result in a blur, but do believe that it depends on how brutal was the situation. There are many memories do vividly remember from my childhood but they are also plenty which dont necessarily remember everything, at measure will looking at certain photos and remember exactly what I did that particular day, so I do think that it all just depends on the importance of the situation. Although do in fact accurately remember many different situations in which was hit, many of which I now think back ND know that could have been easily solved with just a simple conversation.

Ways to Fix Run Ons Fragments

Understanding excori ingest structure helps in drawing and correcting talk sentences and sentence break downizes. A computers spell checker does non typic solelyy catch these common mistakes, so do not rely on the spell checker to correct grammar for you. Be sure to gondola railroad carefully proofread all assignments for these issues. This handout defines various sentence structures, presents sample sentences, and provides strategies for correcting patronizes, comma butterfly splices, and fragments. rehearse activities are included to help build skills in sentence clarity and variety. First, consider the split of a be intimate sentenceComplete declare (In capable Cla delectation) Table of Contents Part I Run-ons Strategies for avoiding run-ons (comma splices and fused sentences) (p. 2-3) Sample sentences with explanations, practice activities (with answer key) (p. 4-7) Part II Fragments Strategies for avoiding sentence fragments (p. 8-11) Sample sentences with expla nations, practice activities (with answer key) (p. 12-13) Part I Run-On Sentences Definition A run-on sentence either has too many independent clauses or cardinal independent clauses that are not united correctly.Two types of run-on sentences are fused sentences and comma splices. Strategies for slouching Fused Sentences 1. Create a compound sentence. slip ining a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) plus a comma correctly links these independent clauses. This sentence structure is called a compound sentence. Correct compound sentence She writes the music, and he plays the guitar. independent clause + comma + coordinating conjunction + independent clause 2. Separate independent clauses with periods and capitalization, creating simple sentences.Correct sentences She writes the music. He plays the guitar. 3. Insert a semi-colon. Semi-colons should be used sparingly and to connect independent clauses whose meanings are closely re recentlyd. Correct sentence She writes the music for Coldplay he plays the guitar for that band. * argument When more details are added to the in a higher grade independent clauses, the meanings become much more closely related. Thus, a semi-colon stack separate these clauses. 4. Link ideas using a subordinate clause (dependent clause). Correct Sentence While she writes the music for Coldplay, he plays the guitar for that band. ubordinate clause + comma + independent clause While is a subordinating conjunction, which makes while she writes music for Coldplay, a dependent clause. That is, the clause depends on the rest of the sentence for the overall meaning to be clear. A dependent clause cannot stand alone. Use a comma to separate a dependent clause that appears onwards an independent clause. *Note A sentence constructed of one independent clause and one or more dependent (or subordinate) clauses is called a complex sentence. Strategies for Correcting comma Splices . Insert a coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence. Correct Sentences She writes the music for Coldplay, but he plays the guitar for that band. She writes the music for Coldplay, and he plays the guitar for that band. Remember, the coordinating conjunction appears afterwards the comma. *Note Again, consider meaning before joining sentences. If the sentences are not closely connected, it may be best to march on them separate. Think about these two independent clauses Today I was late for class. I will have a burrito for dinner tonight.Since these ideas are distinct, keep the sentences separate. 2. Insert a semi-colon. Correct Sentence She writes the music for Coldplay he plays the guitar for that band. Again, to join two independent clauses with a semi-colon, be sure that their meanings are closely connected. The Tutoring Center has a separate handout on semi-colon habitude. * See pages 4-7 for further explanation of these strategies as well as sample sentences and practice activities. Run-On Sentences Examples and Explanations Examples It was raining Naomi could not celebrate her umbrella. (Fused)It was raining, Naomi could not find her umbrella. (Comma Splice) How to take a leak these run-ons step 1 Identify the independent clauses. It was raining + Naomi could not find her umbrella. subject + verb phrase subject + verb phrase (direct object) Step 2 Use one of the below strategies. 1. Period + Capital Letter (Separate Sentences) It was raining. Naomi could not find her umbrella. S + V. S +V 2. Comma + organize concomitant (Compound Sentence) It was raining, and Naomi could not find her umbrella. S + V , and S + V . Semi-Colon It was raining Naomi could not find her umbrella. S + V S + V 4. Subordinating coincidence + Comma (Complex Sentence) Though it was raining, Naomi could not find her umbrella. dependent clause, S + V *Note Use the Tutoring Centers Transitions/Grammar Aid Handout to help identify coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. Ask a tutor if you are uncle ar about the meanings of these conjunctions or in which situations to use them. Practice Avoiding Run-Ons Correct the following run-on sentences by using the strategies previously discussed. 1.I go to the United States when I was young it was unaffixed to learn English, my parents were already here, they k unsanded English already. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Juan and David recognized from each one other they had been in the first grade together. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Her car would not start she was late for class. ____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 4 . The parents ate the baby slept in her stroller. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Eli wants to relinquish smoking this habit is too expensive. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Avoiding Run-Ons Answer signalise and Explanations 1. I moved to the United States when I was young it was balmy to learn English, my parents were already here, they knew English. Strategy 1 Period + Capital Letter (Separate Sentences) I moved to the United States when I was young. S + V (prepositional phrase) (dependent clause) It was easy to learn English. S + V (adverb phrase) My parents were already here. They knew English. S + V (adverb phrase). S + V (direct object)Strategy 2 Coordinating Conjunction + Comma (Compound Sentenc e) I moved to the United States when I was young, and it was easy to learn English. S + V , and S + V My parents were already here, so they knew English. S + V , so S + V Strategy 3 Semi-Colon I moved to the United States when I was young it was easy to learn English. S + V S + V My parents were already here they knew English.S + V S + V Strategy 4 Subordination (Complex Sentence) Because I moved to the United States when I was young, it was easy to learn English. (dependent clause) + , S + V Because is a subordinating conjunction that makes the first clause dependent on the second clause. Do not use a coordinating conjunction to link a dependent clause and an independent clause rather, use only a comma. For example Since my parents were already here, they knew English. Note This run-on sentence can also be corrected using a combination of the above strategies. I moved to the United States when I was young, so it was easy to learn English. (compound sentence) Because my parents w ere already here, they knew English. (complex sentence) More suggested answers 2. Juan and David recognized each other they had been in the first grade together. S + V S + V (prepositional phrase) Juan and David recognized each other, for they had been in the first grade together.S + V , for S + V Since they had been in the first grade together, Juan and David recognized each other. Since + dependent clause , S + V Juan and David recognized each other. They had been in the first grade together. S + V. S + V Now its starting to make sense 3. Her car would not start, so she was late for class. Her car would not start, and she was late for class. Her car would not start. She was late for class. Because her car would not start, she was late for class.Her car would not start she was late for class. (correct, but not the best choice) 4. While the parents ate, the baby slept in her stroller. The parents ate as the baby slept in her stroller. The parents ate. The baby slept in her stroller . The parents ate, and the baby slept in her stroller. The parents ate the baby slept in her stroller. 5. Eli wants to quit smoking. This habit is too expensive. Eli wants to quit smoking this habit is too expensive. Eli wants to quit smoking, for this habit is too expensive. Since this habit is too expensive, Eli wants to quit smoking.A more logical, concise construction using subordination would read as follows Since smoking is too expensive, Eli wants to quit. Part II Sentence Fragments There are several(prenominal) types of fragments. See pages 9-11 for detailed explanations and techniques for correcting fragments. Pages 12-13 include practice activities and an answer key. Types of Fragments Each example below illustrates a different type of sentence fragment. Any fragment can be corrected by linking the fragment to an independent clauseone which comes before or after it and which makes sense within the paragraph.Examples of Subordinating Conjunctions and Relative Pronouns after how unless whichever although if until while as in order that/to what whether as if once whatever who as soon as rather than when whoever as though since whenever whom because so that where whomever before than whereas whose even if that wherever why even though though which Strategies for correcting subordinating conjunction and relative pronoun fragments 1. Connect the fragment to the sentence that comes before or after it. Correct Sentences While I was waiting for my car to be repaired, I read a magazine. dependent clause , S + V Notice the use of the comma after the dependent clause (because the dependent clause falls at the beginning of the sentence).I had to ride the bus while I was waiting for my car to be repaired. S + V dependent phrase *Note When a dependent (subordinate) clause comes after the independent clause, it is usually unnecessary to place a comma after that independent clause. Whether or not a comma is needed depends on the meaning of the sentence. 2. Remove the subordinating conjunction/relative pronoun. Correct sentence I was waiting for my car to be repaired. S + V Strategies for correcting ing fragments 1. Connect the fragment to the sentence that comes before or after it. Correct sentences Her expertise organism in chemistry and biology, she was not hired as an English instructor. ependent ing phrase , S + V She designed the new science exhibit, her expertise being in chemistry and biology. S + V , dependent ing phrase 2. Correct the verb form. Correct sentences Her expertise is in chemistry and biology. Her expertise was in chemistry and biology. *Note Sometimes you will also need to add a subject and correct the verb form. See the next page for an example. . Strategies for correcting abstracted subject fragments 1. Connect the fragment to the sentence that comes before or after it. Correct Sentences gage set off the alarm, evacuated the building, and closed ll the entrances. In the above sentence, it is clear that the subject, the doer of the actions, is security. 2. Add the missing subject. Correct Sentence Security set off the alarm and evacuated the building. Next, they closed all the entrances. *Note In this sentence, the pronoun they renames the subject, security. Transition Words Indicating a List or Examples also especially except for instance including in addition furthermore for example such as next Strategies for correcting extra information fragments 1. Connect the fragment to the sentence that comes before or after it. Correct sentence Many Americans take basic amenities for granted, for example, clean water and electricity. S + V , dependent phrase 2. Add the missing subject and verb. Correct sentence For example, basic amenities include clean water and electricity. transitional phrase, S + V Practice Avoiding Fragments Correct these sentences using the strategies previously discussed. 1. The dog loved his new toys. Especially the ones that squeaked. _______________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Maggie remembered her childhood. Her bring forth making pancakes for dinner in the small apartment. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. She decided to meet her new friend in a public place. That they had coherent over e-mail. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Because she met him on MySpace. She thought it was a good idea to be cautious. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. I cannot wait until hot seats Day. Finally, a day off. ___ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________ Avoiding Fragments Answers and Explanations 1. The dog loved his new toys, especially the ones that squeaked. S + V , dependent clause The dog loved his new toys. He especially loved the ones that squeaked. S + V. S + V 2.Maggie remembered her childhood, especially her mother making pancakes for dinner in the S + V, dependent clause small apartment. Maggie remembered her childhood. Her mother made pancakes in the small apartment. S + V. S + V (correct form) 3. She decided to meet her new friend in a public place that they had arranged over email. S + V dependent clause She decided to meet her new friend in a public place. They had arranged a place over email. S + V. S + V 4. Because she met him on MySpace, she thought it was a good idea to be cautious. dependent clause, S + V She thought it was a good idea to be cau tious she met him on MySpace.S + V S+ V 5. I cannot wait until Presidents Day, finally, a day off. S +V, dependent phrase I cannot wait until Presidents Day. Finally, we have a day off. S + V. S + V Avoiding Run-On Sentences, Comma Splices, and Fragments A complete sentence has (minimally) two parts, a subject and a verb. A sentence must also express a complete thought. Such a phrase consisting of a subject and a verb (with complete meaning) is also called an independent clause. Example He writes music. This sentence has a subject and verb.This sentence also expresses a complete thought, so its meaning is clear. he=subject (S) writes=verb (V) music=direct object (DO) 1. Fused Sentence Definition A fused sentence consists of two independent clauses, but both the comma and coordinating conjunction are missing. Example of a Fused Sentence She writes the music he plays the guitar. She writes the music and he plays the guitar are each independent clauses, containing a subject and a ver b and expressing complete thoughts. He plays the guitar is an independent clause that can stand alone because it expresses a complete thought and is grammatically correct. he=subject (S)plays=verb (V)guitar=direct object (DO)However, in the above example, the independent clause, She writes the music, incorrectly runs into a second independent clause, he plays the guitar. 2. Comma Splice Definition A comma splice consists of two or more independent clauses that follow one another and are incorrectly linked together only with a comma (or commas). The coordinating conjunction is missing. Example of a Comma Splice She writes the music, he plays the guitar. In the above sentence, a comma separates the two independent clauses, but a coordinating conjunction is also necessary. 1. Subordinating Conjunction and Relative Pronoun Fragments Example While I was waiting for my car to be repaired. How to find this type of fragmentWhen proofreading a paper, pay attention to subordinating conjuncti ons and relative pronouns. These words (see box below) turn subjects and verbs into dependent clauses. Identifying proper usage of dependent clauses can help in recognizing fragments. 2. -ing Fragments Example Her expertise being in chemistry and biology. How to find an -ing fragment If the only verb in the sentence ends in ing and does not have a helping verb, you have a fragment. While the word being is a verb, in the above sentence, it is not properly formed. In the below sentence, notice that the -ing verb has a helping verb I was walking down the street when it started raining. (This sentence is correct. Was functions as the helping verb. )When added to a verb, -ing sometimes makes a verb do the job of a noun Walking outdoors is my favorite form of exercise. (In this sentence, walking is a noun that functions as the subject. Is functions as the main verb. ) 3. Missing Subject Fragments Example Security set off the alarm and evacuated the building. Next, closed all the entrances . How to find this type of fragment The second phrase above (noted in bold) is a fragment because in that location is no subject. Entrances is a noun, but it is the object of the verb closed. Who or what is closing the entrances is unknown. That is, the subject of the sentence is missing. 4. Extra Information Fragments Example For instance, clean water and electricity. How to find and fix this type of fragment

Globalization and TNCs Motivation Essay

Research reveals that Transnational Corporations commonly abbreviated as TNCs exert an immense influence in the up-to-the-minute economy which has embraced the concept of globalisation. There is widespread discussion as to whether globalization is a new or old phenomenon. Some analysts consider the concept to be new as healthy as revolutionary. Others including Kenneth Waltz argue that, in comparison to the era prior to the first humanness war, the current global circuit up has underachieved in terms of the level of intensification (ORourke and Williamson, 2000).Furthermore, the earlier governments especially before the First creative activity War had less intervention than the government of today. The aforementioned points ar valid but they also do non denounce that capitalism brought a vigorous stride in global integration that was affected by the interwar of between 1918 and 1939 and the Cold War. The degree of consolidation of the worldwide production systems and disengag ement of nations from economic activity may fluent be below the levels achieved in 1910. unless the present rate of globalization particularly by TNCs is high and the level of intensification may soon exceed the prior adapt records (Hill, 2005). Notably, the welfare state set up that had been predominant since years of the interwar in the 21st century has declined. As a result, TNCs direct witnessed a new direction in global severalise that is designed in line with the reasoning tradition of Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek.According to Hayek, for example, the concerns of social imbalance by TNCs are just indication of the outdated communalistic idea which should be scraped out and replaced by individual responsibility and freedom the issues of poverty and inequality not withstanding. Again, at that place is an increase in the outlook that national economies cede integrate into a common sgait of worldwide economy furthermore, only one form of organization is appropriate. T he realization of a single global economy has still a long way to go.However, at that place is a powerful force propelling the world to that direction. Controversy also mars the divisors that promote TNCs globalization. Obliviously, technological outgrowth has contributed to the intensification of interdependence. However, it is not substantial to claim that technology, by itself, would precipitate globalization. For instance, it is unclear whether capital mobility would be achieved due to technological advances alone development in communication linked with capital flows deregulation gull improved capital mobility.Some sectors agree that globalization is model direct by the forces of the market system. In argument, to realize an economic system a political system must come in handy. Therefore, globalization is dictated by the assent of governments and in this regard, the United States predominant power as well as other developed nations (Friedman, and Ramonet, 1999). The stri ct followers of the market system argue that the reception of globalization by TNCs is inevitable such that they cannot prevent globalization in which case they would incur immense costs.Interest of powerful capital can punish national governments which implement monetary and fiscal policies that impact greatly on their visions. In these circumstances, developing countries have sided with capital due to amounting pressure from the advanced nations and the multilateral globalization agents. Capital has caught the attention of most countries governments. It is unforeseen that the world economic order perceived in globalization impart be viable in a situation where labour arrangement is sufficient to adjust the effects of capital governments.Powerful nations like the United States cannot be deemed helpless against globalization. They can determine its fate at their own will or where there are changes in the balance of power amid social classes of the powerful nations. The death of gl obalization in the nineteenth-century, due to mostly political pressure, adds to the point that globalization is not a passing wind that is control lead by merely the technological advancement and market forces. (Chossudovsky, 2003)Globalization has various meanings depending on its global nature, how it impacts individuals and perspectives that such state have about this concept. Some individuals define globalization as being that state where each and everyone in the society is a resident of that global society. To other people it refers to the issue of Transnational Corporations taking advantage of poor nations to augment there financial bases through exploitation of human resource as well as the available raw materials in such countries. Globalization is understood as a complex concept that has brought much controversies world wide.Research indicates that globalization have little harmony in regard to what it is and whether it is a new or an old idea. Therefore globalization im plies a process of aggravation of political, economic, and cultural interdependence amid the different actors at bottom the global system. We also set about that globalization is more systematic in the economic field where it signifies a process of intensification of national economies with the solve of developing the capacity of the global economy to name as a unit (Joseph, 2001).This integration comes with certain socioeconomic conditions as well as policy mechanisms enhanced by TNCs. Therefore, understanding globalization necessitates the description of the underlying context that makes it viable, as well as the institutional set up and policy frameworks within TNCs that promote it. Over the last two decades, some significant changes in the global system have precipitated globalization particularly when TNCs global activities are considered. star is the changes in power distribution on a global level where any nation could have emerged as the sole superpower.This developmen t has therefore eliminated the tilt among nations for global leadership and dominance it would be difficult to have a common economic space while there are competing superpowers. However, in this regard, globalization is perceived as a United States dominated set up. In addition, it implies that if another superpower emerged, then the process would be reversed. The other factor that is be to be affecting this globalization concept is the predomination of capitalism and the free market economic system.Research indicates that conflicting economic frameworks and visions would not be compatible with the processes of making a common economic space. Under this we find that insufficiency of arguing between various economic visions has been described one of the leading factor for globalization (Held and McGrew, 2002). Several policy instruments have been created to act as mechanisms of globalization this is after the establishment of the acknowledged underlying conditions.There has also been creation of new-fangled multilateral institutions with the restructuring of the older ones so as to manage and promote the mechanisms of globalization a few key examples include the International Monetary Fund (IMF), The World Trade Organization (WTO), and the World Bank. The policy mechanisms developed in harmony with a neoliberal ideology that is also stated to be fostering globalization disengagement of a nation in economic activities regarding to the regulation and institutional changes like trade barriers restriction, privatization, and capital mobility liberalization are some examples of these mechanisms.Under this we find that many developing nations, the World Bank and IMF through their sponsored programs have been the vehicle behind the adoption of these globalization mechanisms (Chossudovsky, 2003). Globalization Debate Research indicates that there is maturation debate about the reality of TNCs globalization with two arguments arising that globalization brings pro sperity and that globalization brings impoverishment. Those who argue that it brings prosperity are the proponents while the later are opponents of this concept.Those who champion globalization cite some issues associated with the growth of this concept and include nations which are poor are always disadvantage for example countries who rely on clownish products and their domestic markets having experiencing competition from Multi-National Corporations in same industry which force the local firms to offer there commodities at cheaper prices thus leading to making of loss by such firms. (Joseph, 2002) The other issue is that of exploitation of employees of foreign origin by utilizing them as labour and paying them fewer wages and salaries on the work done. as well as TNCs may subject such workers to working for long hours with less pay. Such a situation particularly in poor countries like in Africa has led to escalation of poverty levels since such workers may not be able cater for their basic needs. Globalization has also led to sudden shift to service work from manufacturing processes this is because of the service provision being considered cost effective particularly when viewed from the aspects of offshore employees and such workers shifting to service industries.Such scenario particularly in Africa and some Asian Countries has led to increase in economic gap between the unskilled and the skilled employees. There is also an argument that globalization has resulted to growth of contingent jobs in that many TNCs like the Coca Cola Companies are now favouring the recruitment of part-time or contract based workers thus saving costs that they have could incur on the recruitment of full-time employees.Such scenario have led to job insecurity since the workers will not receive benefits like pension benefits when they will retire thus making life difficult particularly for the old in the society. Globalization has also led to weakening of labour trade unions in that many firms are set up in different parts of the world and there have also been an increase of unemployment rates meaning that there exist surplus of workers in many modern economies. A good example is in the U. S where firms can replace the employees at will since the exist unions have limited powers to protect their workers.(Tehranian, 2001) On the other hand globalization enhanced by TNCs has brought some benefits or what is commonly referred to as prosperity by its proponents and they include the following globalization has led to production of a lot of products in the market which are of quality and at the same time grand access of overseas commodities. This concept has also led to realization of worldwide ordinary market and at the same time to introduction of financial markets which is interconnected and thus can lead to many opportunities like securing loans and external financing arrangements.Globalization has also resulted to enhancement of international relations b etween nations. This is because several firms from different countries are now investing in their markets of choice thus making the world to be the global village (Hill, 2005). The inception of globalization has also led to enhancement of information flows among geographically inaccessible places in the world for example commercial banks from the UK have now invested in Africa especially in Sudan which has been inaccessible because of lack of political stability for a long period.Globalization has also led to introduction of new technologies by TNCs and thus such technologies have increased the pace of production by different firms in there manufacturing processes. Other benefits of globalization include fostering of tourism, increase of multi-culturalism, increase in local consumptions of locally produced products, has fostered sports competition such as Athletics championships and FIFA World Cup, creation of collective values, development of good worldwide telecommunications struc tures and the accomplishment of free movement of individuals of all countries among other benefits.

Stephen King, Christine – Text Analysis

Stephen queen regnant is perhaps the just ab come in widely known American writer of his generation, yet his distinctions include publishing as twain authors at once Beginning in 1966, he wrote novels that were published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman. When twelve, he began submitting stories for sale. At first ignored and then scorned by mainstream critics, by the late 1980s his novels were reviewed regularly in The New York Times Book Review, with increasing favor.Beginning in 1987, most of his novels were main selections of the Book-of-the-Month Club, which in 1989 created the Stephen King Library, committed to keeping Kings novels in print in hardcover. King published more than one hundred short stories (including the collections Night Shift, 1978, frame of reference Crew, 1985, and Nightmares and Dreamscapes, 1993) and the eight novellas contained in Different Seasons (1982) and Four Past Midnight (1990). King has published numerous articles and a critical sustain, D anse macabre (1981).Kings detractors attribute his succeeder to the sensational appeal of his genre, whose main purpose, as King readily confesses, is to scare people. Like Edgar Allan Poe, King turned a degenerated genre a matter of comic-book monsters and drive in exactsinto a medium embodying the primary anxieties of his age. He is graphic, sen clippingntal, and predictable. His humor is usually crude and campy. His gentle fantasies, like all good popular fiction, allow readers to express deep down conventional frames of reference feelings and concepts they might not some otherwise consider. is vision articulates universal fears and desires in terms peculiar to contemporary culture. King is Master of Postliterate Prose, as capital of Minnesota Gray stated in 1982writing that takes readers mentally to the films rather than making them imagine or think. On the other hand, Kings work provides the most genuine example of the reputationtellers art since Charles Dickens. He h as returned to the novel some of the popular appeal it had in the nineteenth century and turned out a generation of readers who vastly prefer some books to their film adaptations.He encountered two lasting influences, the naturalist writers and contemporary American mythology. Stephen King may be known as a horror writer, but he calls himself a brand name, describing his style as the literary equivalent of a Big Mac and a large fries from McDonalds. His fast-food version of the plain style may smell of commercialism, but that may make him the contemporary American storyteller without peer. From the beginning, his dark parables spoke to the anxieties of the late twentieth century.Kings fictions begin with premises accepted by middle Americans of the television generation, opening in suburban or small-town AmericaDerry, Maine, or Libertyville, Pennsylvaniaand have the familiarity of the house next door and the 7-Eleven store. The characters have the trusted two-dimensional substanti ality of kitsch they originate in cliches such as the high school nerd or the wise fry. From such premises, they move cinematically through an atmosphere resonant with a popular mythology.King applies naturalistic methods to an environs created by popular culture. This reality, already mediated, is translated easily into preternatural terms, taking on a nightmarish quality. Kings imagination is above all first His pop familiarity and his campy humor draw on the collective unconscious. As with his fiction, his sources are the classic horror films of the 1930s, inherited by the 1950s pulp and film industries. He hints at their derivations from the gothic novel, classical myth, Brothers Grimm folktales, and the oral tradition in general.In an anxious era both skeptical of and hungry for myth, horror is basically reassuring and cathartic the tale-teller combines roles of physician and priest into the witch doctor as sin eater, who assumes the guilt and fear of his culture. Christine In Christine, the setting is Libertyville, Pennsylvania, during the late 1970s. The monster is the American Dream as embodied in the automobile. King imparts Christine all the attributes of a fairy tale for postliterate adolescents.Christine is another fractured Cinderella story, Carrie for boys. Arnie Cunningham, a nearsighted, acne-scarred loser, falls in love with a car, a passionate (red and white) Plymouth Fury, one of the long ones with the big fins, that he names Christine. An automotive godmother, she brings Arnie, in fairy-tale succession, freedom, success, power, and love a home away from overprotective parents, a cure for acne, hit-andrun revenge on bullies, and a beautiful girl, Leigh Cabot.Soon, however, the familiar triangle emerges, of boy, girl, and car, and Christine is revealed as a femme fataledriven by the spirit of her former owner, a disaffected named Roland LeBay. Christine is the medium for his death wish on the world, for his all-devouring, everlasting F ury. LeBays aggression possesses Arnie, who reverts into an older, tougher self, then into the mythic teenaged hood that King has called the prototype of 1950s wolfman films, and finally into some ancient carrion eater, or primal self.As automotive monster, Christine comes from a variety of sources, including the folk tradition of the death car and a decrepit techno-horror premise, as seen in Kings Trucks and Maximum Overdrive. Kings main focus, however, is the mobile spring chicken culture that has come down from the 1950s by way of advertising, popular songs, film, and national pastimes. Christine is the car as a projection of the cultural self, Anima for the modern American Adam. To Arnies late 1970s-style imagination, the Plymouth Fury, in 1958 a mid-priced family car, is an American Dream.Her sweeping, befinned chassis and engine re-create a fantasy of the golden age of the automobile the horizonless future imagined as an expanding network of superhighways and unlimited fue l. Christine recovers for Arnie a prelapsarian elan vital and manifest destiny. Christines odometer runs backward and she regenerates parts. The immortality she offers, howeverand by implication, the American Dreamis really arrested development in the form of a Happy age rerun and by way of her radio, which sticks on the golden oldies station.Indeed, Christine is a recapitulatory rock musical framed fatalistically in sections titled Teenage Car-Songs, Teenage Love-Songs,and Teenage Death-Songs. Fragments of stone songs introduce each chapter. Christines burden, an undead 1950s youth culture, means that most of Arnies travels are in and out of time, a deadly nostalgia trip. As Douglas overwinter explains, Christine reenacts the death, during the 1970s, of the American romance with the automobile. The epilogue from four years later presents the fairy-tale consolation in a burnedout monotone.Arnie and his parents are buried, Christine is scrap metal, and the true Americans, Leigh and Dennis, are survivors, but Dennis, the ennoble of Darnells Garage, does not woo the lady fair he is a limping, lackluster junior high teacher, and they have drifted apart, grown old in their prime. Dennis narrates the story in order to file it away, all the while perceiving himself and his peers in terms of icons from the late 1950s. In his nightmares, Christine appears wearing a black vanity plate carve with a skull and the words, ROCK AND ROLL WILL NEVER DIE. From Denniss haunted perspective, Christine simultaneously examines and is a symptom of a cultural phenomenon a new American gothic species of anachronism or deja vu, which continued after Christines publication in films such as Back to the Future (1985), Peggy Sue Got Married (1986), and somber Velvet (1986). The 1980s and the 1950s blur into a seamless illusion, the nightmare side of which is the prospect of living an infinite replay. The subtext of Kings adolescent fairy tale is another coming of age, from the oppo site end and the broader perspective of American culture.Written by a fortyish King in the final years of the twentieth century, Christine diagnoses a cultural mid flavor crisis and marks a turning point in Kings career, a critical examination of mass culture. The dual time frame reflects his awareness of a dual audience, of writing for adolescents who look back to a mythical 1950s and also for his own generation as it relives its undead youth culture in its children. The baby boomers, King explains, were obsessive about childhood. We went on playing for a long time, more or less feverishly.I write for that buried child in us, but Im writing for the grown-up too. I want grownups to look at the child long enough to be able to give him up. The child should be buried. sometimes ownership can become possession The story is set in a middle-class suburb of Pittsburg, in 1978. Dennis guilder and Arnie Cunningham vie for the attentions of the new girl in town, Leigh Cabot. But when Chris tine, a 1958 Plymouth Fury, enters the picture, the course of action changes drastically. As Leigh neatly observes, cars are girls.Arnies love affair with Christine turns from a love song to a death song. As soon as he sees her he wants her. Her name is Christine, she is 1958 Plymouth Fury, and Arnold Cunningham has fallen head over heels in love with her. Arnolds best friend Dennis Guilder is not quite so impressed by the rusting rolling iron with the custom paint job. Dennis looks at the break windscreen and the damaged bodywork, the flat tyre and torn upholstery, and his heart sinks even before he notices the pool of oil underneath the car. Arnie might as sound be looking at a different car though. He sees something else.Maybe a modest of what the car once was, and perhaps a little of what it could be if the work was put in. He is a man in love and first loves can often become all consuming things. on that point is nothing that Dennis can do to stop Arnie from buying Christin e and in the end he goes along with his life-long friend. He lends him some money towards a deposit on the car and even takes him to pick the car up, the next day, after work. Sometimes the company a person keeps can have an effect on them and almost from that very first meeting between Arnie and Christine Dennis can see changes in his best friend.Some of them good, like the fact that his acne seems to be miraculously clearing up. The other changes though, are not so positive in nature. Arnies whole attitude takes a turn for the worse and he develops an uncharacteristic mean streak. All of his life Arnie has been the guy who was targeted by the bullies of this world, but when Buddy Repperton takes a jack handle to one of Christines lights the worm not only turns, but turns on Repperton leaving him with a bloody nose and a score to settle.As I clocked up the chapters in Christine I watched Arnies human relationship with his parents and with his friend Dennis start to fall apart and his relationship with the beautiful Leigh Cabot form and then fail. It was all because of the car and from the very first chapter, as a reader, I was aware that there was something not quite unspoiled about that Plymouth Fury. Christine is just a little under 600 pages long. It is write in memoir form and is split into the three parts.Part one, Dennis Teenage Car Songs, is written in the first person and from Dennis point of View. In part two, Arnie Teenage Love songs, Dennis is still telling the story, but it is now written in the troika person because all of the events in that part of the book occurred while Dennis was lying in a hospital bed and does not concern things that he undergo first-hand. For part three, of the book, Christine Teenage Death Songs, the story returns to the first person perspective because Dennis is on his crutches and out and about, all be it at a bit of a hobble.A nice touch to Christine is that every chapter opens up with a few lines from a different song that involves cars, which is probably why the three parts of the book are named the way that they are. I enjoyed Christine. King brings all of the characters to life for his readers and it was easy for me to look at Arnies mother, for instance, through both Arnie and Dennis eyes and think what a thrill But it was just as easy for me to look through the mothers eyes and feel the pain and fear as she watched her family being torn apart. The characters seem real and the unreal situations feel real.

Health Promotion and Nursing practice Essay

Heath promotion as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2013) is the offset of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve wellness. It moves beyond a focus on individual behavior towards a wide range of hearty-disposed and environmental interventions. It is the intention of this source to present health promotion in nursing practice and relate this to methods implemented that encompass nursing. For the purpose of this paper the writer will use stroke to exemplify the issues. Influential forces effecting health can be political, social, animal(prenominal), and economic.Internal factors affecting health can be emotional, intellectual, spiritual and psychosocial. Ones give birth lifespanstyle guides the way for health promotion or health destruction. The American Nurses Association (ANA) guides the scope of practice by advocating safe quality care. Included is the fatality to provide interventions that include health promotion and prevention of sickness and disability. The enduring today is more complex and the focus includes family and community. Three levels of nursing prevention primary, secondary coil, and ordinal should involve consumers (ANA, 2007).The purpose of health promotion in nursing practice it to educate, influence and assist the patient to maintain an existing quality of life by preventing illness, slowing the progression of an illness or managing an illness. Public health promotion is an organized response to populations to prevent injury, disability, and address social conditions and problems . To charter a well functioning society it is important to maintain a strong community. Nursing Interventions assist the patient to bring up educated choices regarding lifestyle changes.According to Edelman and Mandle (2010) these various levels of health promotion introduced by Leavall and Clark are primary, secondary, and tertiary. They are on a continuum but may lick. Prevention at the primary level is to protect a nd promote health of the community or person from injury or disease (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). Community support is important at this level for the individual to incorporate and maintain healthy habits. Nursing plays an important role in education at this level in intrusts of producing healthy behaviors.According to Martinez and Kravitz (2010), education for cardiovascular health would include, healthy weight, gage cessation, maintaining blood pressure, and a healthy diet. These health facts could educate the patient and guide in the prevention of stroke or myocardial infarction. Warning signs of stoke listed in this article are numbness/weakness, confusion/odd speech, visual problems, dizziness/ loss of coordination, and headache without a cause. Education implemented in the community regarding degenerative disease is proactive. According to Alspac (2013) we still have a lapse in the use of calling 911when stroke symptoms are recognized.They imply professionals need to provide c orrect education on placing warning signs of a stroke as a medical emergency by calling 911. Nursing can provide these implementations in a variety of settings. As we move forward to the secondary level of health promotion prevention as stated previously it can overlap with another level. This writer has experience in her work setting with a stroke alert team. Borrowed from the National Stoke Association is the acronym FAST (F=face, A= arm, S=speech, and T=time). At the secondary and primary level this could be recognized as a useful tool primarily for education and secondarily for judging.The secondary level is where interventions treat an early stage of a disease or provide screening. Screening gives one the ability to reduce disease progression by early detection. Nurses can influence by educating during screening (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). According to Bergman (2011) stroke is a major cause of long-term disability. By treating early one would hope not to progress to the tertiar y level. Bergman (2011) states, Modern stroke care poses unique challenges to the nurse practitioner (NP) in diagnosis, care, risk prevention, patient education and, follow-up. (p. 659). The writer notes this must(prenominal) pertain to the type of stoke occurring. One of necessity to do a thorough evidence-based evaluation for appropriate interventions. Recommendations at the secondary level are for life style changes and treatment of any other existing diseases (Bergman, 2011). Screenings at the secondary level would include blood pressure checks, cholesterol level checks, assess physical activity level. Interventions may be to treat elevated blood pressure, lower cholesterol, treat diabetes appropriately, and start anticoagulants if warranted.A patient encountering a stroke can have mild to profound disabilities. The tertiary level of health promotion is of great importance to a stroke patient and their family. Tertiary prevention is a process of minimizing effects of disability by preventing further decline. Tertiary promotions focus is rehabilitative measures and management of the disability by helping the patient achieve and maintain an lofty functioning level (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). Education is a continuum from the secondary level to the tertiary level with patient and family.According to Cameron (2013) the family educational needfully may differ from the patients needs including changes at home after discharge, altered roles, and stressors with available resources. At the tertiary level of stoke rehabilitation there is a great emphasis on multidisciplinary collaborative education (Cameron, 2013). This writer practiced rehabilitative nursing and the facility had a transition room. This room mimicked a home setting with bedroom and kitchen. The patients family would provide all care prior to discharge in preparation for home care.It tremendously helped in planning further educational needs and discharge readiness. Jarmer and Fielding (2010) interve ntions include improving mobility and independence and assisting to cope with change. Treatment plans must be individualized to the type of disability. The biggest issue after discharge is safety. Nurses make up the majority of health care providers patients interact with. Nurses are a major resource for education and health promotion. The afterlife of nursing is changing from an discerning care based practice to a community based health promotion practice.The role of the nurse in this new practice will be multifaceted. Public health nursing will be an expanding role. The shift in role to public health nurse will require analytic assessment skills, cultural competence, program planning skills and, community dimension skills (Kulbok, Thatcher, Park, & Meszaros, 2013). Cultural competencies assist the nurse to understand health promotion from the communitys viewpoint. This can includes values, beliefs, traditions and, attitudes. syllabus planning is used to optimize health through evidence-based programs made possible with analytic assessment skills (Kulbok et.al. , 2013). Community dimensions skills refer to collaborative efforts among community leaders and stakeholders. The coupled States is a melting pot of cultural diversity nurses need to be prepared at all levels. There are many aspects of emerging roles of future nursing most notable is the ability to lead. References Alspach, J. (2013). Improving recognition and response to onset of stroke. Critical Care Nurse, 33, 9-13. doi10. 4037 /ccn2013909 American Nurses Association (ANA). (2007). Health of the public. Retrieved from http// sack. archive. org/web/20071027171411/http//www. nursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/HealthcarePolicyIssues/HoP. aspx Bergman, D. (2011). Preventing recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack The current data. Journal Of The American Academy Of Nurse Practitioners, 23, 659-666. doi10. 1111/j. 1745-7599. 2011. 00650. x Cameron, V. ( 2013). Best practices for stroke patient and family education in acute care Setting A literature review. MEDSURG Nursing, 22(1), 51-55. Edelman, C. , Mandle, C. (2010). Health promotion throughout the life span. Retrieved From http//pageburstls. elsevier. com/books/9780323056625/id//B9780323056625000103_p1005 Jarmer, L. , & Fielding, R (2010). After the stroke. Rehab Management The Interdisciplinary Journal Of Rehabilitation, 23(5), 18-21. Kulbok, P. A. , Thatcher, E. , Park, E. , Meszaros, P. S. (2012). Evolving public health nursing Roles Focus on community participatory health promotion and prevention. The Online Journal Of Issues In Nursing, 17, doi 10. 3912/OJIN. vol17No02Mn01 Martinez, A. , & kravitz, L. (2010). Cardiovascular health goals. IDEA Fitness Journal. 7(5), 14-17. World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Health Promotion. Retrieved from http//www. Who. int/topics/health_promotion/en/

Advertisement Creates Artificial Needs

Advertising a product is the medium of introducing to customers, therby increasing the product sales. Some people say that advertising encourages us to buy that we really do not need. Others say that advertisements tell us about new products that may improve our lives. I agree with both statements that advertising of new products improves our lives to some extremity and at the same time people are encouraged to buy things they really do not need.These days people are daily sightedness advertisements of products in Televisions, Week-end magazines and even in some newspapers. These advertisements give us a rough idea about the new product, how it looks like, its new features and even prices also. Sometimes they agile us to buy those products. Standards of peoples life improves due to these advertisements. Say for example by perceive an advertisement of a new microwave or toaster oven, we are tempted to buy the product, which will be helpful to us.We will enjoy its usage. Many peop le are even buying the products on the internet by seeing the advertisements. Also that if we want to know something about a product, we cant directly go to the shop and enquire about it. Advertisement provides means of dissemination of information for wellness and social issues as well as for products. Only producers gained through the process of advertising their products. Advertising manipulates us to buy things we dont need by playing on our emotions.It creates artificial needs. Sometimes they create confusion in the minds of people which brand of the product to buy. This is why The content of advertising has long been subjected to much criticism. With the advertisement of proucts on cigarettes, alcoholic products, poeple are tempted buy them, which will harm their health. So what I conclude is adverstisement of product is a good idea which encourages people to buy when in they are in actual need of the product.

Revealing Sweeney Todd: Exploring a 19th Century Penny Dreadful as a Literary Classic

In 2013 the mention of the character Sweeney Todd conjures up images of Johnny Depp dressed in dramatic makeup and singing in a high budget film production however, directlys audiences may not be aware of the villains extensive hi coiffe in English literary works and the numerous transformations that alikek place before the intromission of the musical monster. From its origin as a serialized penny flagitious to an elaborated text and eventual stage play, the in renowned groom Sweeney Todd has become a well- k instantlyn literary character. Sweeney Todd first appeared in the cent Dreadful titled A power train of Pearls.A ro humansce print anonymously in 1846/1847. The first work was subject only to negative criticisms as a cheaply written tarradiddle for the demoralise enlightenes of England. As the spirit level has moved through age and Sweeney Todd has gained popularity, this original text deserves recognition beyond that of a simple immoral relation. The mysterious p lot of the story guides contributors through a suspenseful storey laden with mystery and surprise. Much in the way that the pieces of the story are revealed, it is apparent that the 1847 A String of Pearls. A Romance. be exposed as a swell work in English literature.I will examine the ship canal in which the storys title misguides the reader in plot and twists the storys overall context, ultimately robbing it of the credit it deserves. I will then look at the ways in which the storys potential fame has been disguised behind 19th century literary critique. Based on the title of the piece, the wind of pearls would appear to be the key plot element of the story. The reader assumes that the plot will be driven forward by the stolen gems and that ultimately they will be the treasure that brings together the lost hunch forwardrs at the stopping point of the tale.Conversely the pearls end up leading the reader astray, becoming only important in subplots of the story (mackintosh 12 0). The introduction of the string of pearls is within the first chapter when Sweeney Todd burgles them from Mark Ingestrie before execution of instrumenting him in his barber shop. The pearls are the treasure Mark Ingestrie had brought covering for his betrothed, Johanna Oakley and while the tale is dedicated to the strand of pearls, they are only the motivation for plot movement in two of the thirty nine chapters, appearing only when the barber tries to sell them off for profit.The pearls misguide the reader in plot however, it is the secondary title A Romance that misrepresents the gothic form of the story. Gothic literature originated in the mid eighteenth century and was targeted toward the same middle-class audience as novels (Davison 2). What separated the literary genre from the majority of works at this time was its focus on ghostly and mystical material and settings. closely critique of gothic works during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was centered on its imm oral nature as it was studyed that the literature appealed to readers corrupt tastes (Davison 5).Certain elements of literature are prescribed solely to the gothic and tummy considerably define a work as belonging to the genre. According to Davison there are three features that can always be found within a gothic abuse, romance and mystery (7). With this description in mind and the fact that A String of Pearls. A Romance was a penny dreadful whose root were founded in the gothic genre (Anglo 1), it is easy to place the story within the realm of gothic literature. expression specifically at the three elements outlined by Davison, it is questionable as to why A String of Pearls was published as a romance.The romance in the story is typical of eighteenth century tales, where hit the sack is the cause of immense joy or upset to characters. Reactions of romantic characters of the period are expected to be over the top dramatically (Davison 58). The romantic characters in the story, Johanna Oakley and Mark Ingestrie fit this description accurately. Johannas love for Mark Ingestrie is unbearably strong and the reader is subject to her immense folly as she learns of his possible death. She cries Oh, nirvana why have I lived so long as to have the capacity to listen to much(prenominal) fearful tidings? Lost- lost- all lost God of HeavenWhat a wilderness the world is now to me (Lloyd 28) after learning that her betrothed did not return from his trip at sea. Mark Ingestrie also shows brief moments of extreme emotion when he believes that Johanna has betrayed him for an other(a) man he admits to himself that he is all alone as she whom I loved is faithless (Lloyd 61). composition the two romantic characters in the story prove to be accurate portrayals of romance literature at the time, their melodramatic outbursts are rare within the story and do not pre-occupy the tale. Much much prominent in the story is the terror induced by the characters of Sweeney Todd and Mrs.Lovett. Sweeney Todd is draw as maniacal in both appearance and action while the crime duo mend the entire town, feeding their victims flesh to the population of capital of the United Kingdom. The opening chapter of the story introduces the reader to Todd and from the beginning Todd gains his reputation as the storys villain. Described as ill- put-togetherwith an immense mouth and such huge hands and feet (Lloyd 2), the barber is made to appear monstrous. His laugh is also depict to the reader early on to be so terrifying that a customer comments do you call that a laugh?I suppose you caught it of individual of who died of it. If thats your way of laughing, I beg you wont do it any much. (Lloyd 4). It is not only his terrible appearance introduced in chapter one, but also Todds wicked personality. It can hardly be taken as a joking threat when the barber leans into his apprentice Tobias and warns listen to me, and treasure up every vocalize I say Ill cut your throa t from ear to ear, if you repeat one word of what passes in this shop (Lloyd 3). From the beginning of the tale, readers are cautioned that this character possesses the traits that will turn this tale into a terror.Todds partner in crime is also subject to an introduction highlighting her villainous features. While Mrs. Lovett is described to be physically very appealing, her eyes and grin portray the evil within her. It was said that her smile was cold and uncomfortable-that it was upon her lips, but had no place in her heartand there was a lurking devil in her eye (Lloyd 18). The description given of Mrs. Lovett, with the lurking devil in her eye became a favourite for gothic legend writers, the language enabling it to evoke an eerie presence within the character (Mack 126).Mrs. Lovetts outward appearance as a young beautiful woman hides behind this demonic smile and veils her customers from what is in her cellar and in her pies. The horror spread by the baker and the barber is that of the urban un cognise. The story utilizes feasible fears created in an urban center such as London and through Todd and Lovett plays them out to their full effect. The dreadful partners knock into anxieties that are deeply rooted in peoples minds in cities with large populations and high judge of crime.A serial killer paired with cannibalism is not far-fetched horror it is a fear that lies as a realistic possibility within all of us (Hand 141). Hand points to the fact that while some villains such as Van Helsing, and Jekyll and Hyde have lost their scare factor Sweeney Todd continues to fill the role in horror due to his believable terror (141). Due to the fact that Sweeney Todd and Mrs. Lovett possess such strong horror characteristics, it is impossible for the story to remain in the realm of romance. The two characters are the driving force that make this tale so enticing.It is these two characters alone that transform the romance into a terror (Mack 103). The attribute s of horror are more prominent in the tale, as the love between Johanna Oakley and Mark Ingestrie become a subplot to the terrifying murder and cannibalism taking place. It is because of this that I believe the story is titled incorrectly. Just as the pearls are not of slap-up significance to the plot, the romance also leads the reader astray from the true gothic element of the story. The class tuberosity and segregation of London in the eighteenth century shows itself prominently in the story.Mark Ingestrie destined to be a lawyer and respectable middle class man runs away in hope of determination treasure at sea. Changing his name to Lieutenant Thornhill, his journey proves a success until his return to London and loss of treasure. He then takes his place as a working class citizen, making pies for Mrs. Lovett beneath the name Jarvis Williams. The characters multiple roles in the story at different class levels, is a similar structure taken by the story A String of Pearls itsel f. The first time A String of Pearls. A Romance. was published in 1846 it was in Edward Lloyds weekly magazine Peoples Periodical and Family Library. The serialized story ran for eighteen weeks and had a total of thirty nine chapters (Weltman 1). Lloyds publication was considered to be a centime Dreadful, aimed at middle class London readership (Anglo 46). centime Dreadfuls were serialized literature that provided cheap and socialise reading for the English working class in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. They rose in popularity as the rates of urbanization and literacy increased in country.The demand created for affordable literature was met with a transition from chapbooks to centime Dreadfuls (James and Smith xi). cent Dreadfuls have their roots in gothic literature, as they tended to take commonly known tales from the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and embellish them with details of crime and gore (Anglo 10-11). The first Penny Dreadful tales were aime d at an audience of all ages and sexes and were known commonly as bloods, however, by 1860, the serialized pieces were enjoyed predominantly by young boys (Anglo 12).Due to their cheap and quick production, Penny Dreadfuls were subject to much criticism (Dunae 134). In a severe critique made in by the evangelical society of London in the nineteenth century, Penny Dreadfuls were said to be devoid of every element of sweetness and light and are make full instead with blood and revenge, of passion and cruelty, as improbable and almost impossible in plot as they are contemptible in literary execution (Dunae 135).Criticisms such as this were common during the publication of Penny Dreadfuls as they threatened the didactic and moral literature children were preferred to have indulged in. The upper classes looked down on the works as immoral and sensationalized crime stories (Dunae 140). According to Dunae, much of the controversy surrounding Penny Dreadfuls was in reality caused by class issues in the time period, not by the content (147). Groups attacked the publications as they were a threat to the upper classes.Working men and children were thought to be empowered by reading of lower class heroes and crime (Dunae 147). Much as Sweeney Todd himself is judged by his appearance as a lower class criminal, the story he appears in, is heavily critiqued based on its low form as a Penny Dreadful. If the story were to have been published originally in a form other than a Penny Dreadful, I believe it would be considered a vaster piece of literature.Lloyds publishing company, like many another(prenominal) others at the time was made up of numerous authors who were said to pass stories around, so it is believed to be undecipherable as to who was the original author of the Sweeney Todd tale (Jackson). Dunae proposes that the quality of writing in A String of Pearls is of higher(prenominal) quality than most Penny Dreadfuls and believes he has traced the original author to be James Malcolm Rymer a more well-known Penny Dreadful author with significant works such as Varney the Vampire (136).It is not only the writing that makes this story stand out from the rest. While most Penny Dreadfuls are certain with diffuse and predictable plots (James and Smith xiii), A String of Pearls takes numerous plot turns that are unexpected and appalling to the reader. More contemporary literary critics have discussed the story in a more positive light. Anglo makes the claim that A String of Pearls is the best known Penny Dreadful (15) and that the character of Sweeney Todd is the most dreadful and famous villain from any of the tales published in the period (49).There has been one critique of the work that went as far to claim it has offered some of the best horror writing ever written (Jackson) and can easily be seen as the inspiration to later horror works such as Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Dracula (Jackson). While A String of Pearls may be gaining some recognit ion as an inspiration for other works, Mack points to elements of the story that stem from recognized classic literature that aid in pushing the work into a the category itself.Sweeney Todd, as villainous as he may be possesses an immense depth of involved and confused humanity. His loneliness, regret and fear allow the reader to sympathize for the evil character in time of trouble (Mack 127). Mack claims that this is similar to villains created in Dickens works. The Sweeney Todd story is also stir upd by other great works such as the Odyssey (Mack 116), as the story mimics the basic outline of a man returning from sea and falling prey to cannibalistic murder.The connections Mack is able to make to between the Penny Dreadful tale and classic literature allow the story to stand out in plot, find out and writing, all of which attribute it to be a greater work than originally labeled. The original story published by Lloyd in 1847 gained popularity quite quickly and before the final three installments had been printed, George Dibdin Pitt adapted it into a stage play and opened it March 1st 1847 at the Brittania theatre (Weltman 1). Since then, the story has been adapted numerous propagation for stage, film and literature (Weltman 20).In this way, it has made its way through different classes as it becomes exposed to more people through different mediums. A String of Pearls has influenced a remarkable amount of literature since its creation (Mack 197). Sweeney Todd characters along with his cannibal pie making accomplice continue to appear in childrens literature to incumbent day, including Terry Pratchetts Wheres My Cow? Their popularity and horror has spread across the world in an soldiers of works (Hand 141).The storys survival is only more proof that it deserves the recognition of a great classic within English Literature. The story of A String of Pearls. A Romance brings to light the ways in which a publications format and title can affect its success a s a piece of literary work. The storys origin as a serialized Penny Dreadful published in 1846/ 1847 confined its critique to a cheap and immoral tale meant only for the usance of lower class readers. The format along with its title as a romance ignored the tales true identity as a great work of gothic literature.Sweeney Todd and Mrs. Lovetts characters live horror by dominating the plot with a terror that can seem all too realistic for any reader. Their murderous and cannibalistic narrative overshadows the romance advertised to readers. It is their horrific and suspenseful narrative that has carried through the past two centuries popularizing Sweeney Todd in literary works to this day. The nineteenth century characters ability to inspire terror in modern audiences deems this story the right to be called a classic.

Controversial Aspects of Waldorf School Education Essay

Waldorf aims atomic number 18 a fairly new phenomenon in our country. They first appeared in our trainingal dust in the tame year1992/1993 and since their foundation consume expanded. Nowadays, we can see a Waldorf inwroughtise or at least its scion almost in each city. Their popularity among parents increases and although they struggle for their existence, they roundhow manage to pull through their status of a state work. To an uninitiated observer, such(prenominal) a school type seems very germinal and child friendly. Many positive aspects cannot be denied that in that respect are always two sides to everything.Unfortunately, not numerous critical essays were written on the topic of Waldorf commandment, although some aspects are fundamental and should be publically disclosed. The aim of this paper is to centralise on the aspects and help parents as advantageously as the teachers themselves to direct their attendance to Waldorf thought context which is not openl y presented. If parents consider enrolling their child in a Waldorf school, they should be super aware of the fact that it is not still the school itself and its nice methods that are apparent and very tantalising at first glance, but principally, it is the lifestyle that accompanies it.Waldorf schooling is not for everyone, especially not in the twenty-first century. Their rejection of technological devices or even of some scientific theories of association should be transparent. People often guide it on account of their own often unhappy childhood but such a finish is not for us but for the children we love and want the best for. According to one Czech sawing machine which declares that It is never too late for a rectification, the child psychologists do not agree in the case of Waldorf pedagogics.When there appears a serious problem, parents along with the psychologist are to react speedily. It is too late to croak thinking ab extinct a change of school in primary class five. In such case, the best solution, according to specialists, is to stay and complete the integral Waldorf school. A child would have too many problems and serious difficulties to adapt to an ordinary school system. Such a decision could even worsen the whole situation. If the result of an elementary school choice, which is crucial for the future studying attitude of our children fails, it can lead into a disaster.If, (especially Waldorf) schooling fails due to either misunderstanding and mis physical exertion of the philosophy or due to insufficient education of teachers who explain definite aspects in the wrong way, the result equals psychological problems of the child, the reluctance of education, thus school in general and as the icing on the cake could be the sleepless nights and nausea of the whole family. iodine should always get the opportunity to learn the pros and cons of the matter as we are all aware of the cracking vulnerability of children.Historical backgroundR udolf Steiner, the founder of the first Waldorf school in Germany in 1919, based the broadcast of Waldorf school on unique elements of art in which the assimilators learn subject matters stimulate through an descend of different representations. His pedagogy is designed for the students developmental growth. He created a whole system in which teachers themselves rate the school and along with the parents and supporters of the school, they create a community based on the aspects of Anthroposophy (a school of thought that grew out of Theosophy), a spectral path from which Waldorf school springs and is devoted to.Steiner himself describes the initial process of the whole idea of Waldorf school as follows. The first idea was to provide an education for children whose parents were working in the Waldorf Astoria Factory, and as the Director was a member of the Anthroposophical Society, he asked me to arrange this education and so, in the first place, the Waldorf School arose as a sch ool for humanity as such, fashioned, it could in fact be said, out of the working-class ere then, we have an educational organisation arising on a social nates, that seeks to found the whole spirit and method of its teaching upon Anthroposophy. (Rudolf Steiner, A groundbreaking Art of Education p. 88) Waldorf Schools and Religion Waldorf schools are often cal conduct free Waldorf schools and they are in like manner said to be non- unearthly. Such facts do not entirely correspond with the definition of Anthroposophy a philosophy created by Steiner. Waldorf education itself is grounded on Anthroposophy although such a fact is not often publicly proclaimed.The definition of Anthroposophy given by Rudolf Steiner in 1923 is following an association of people who would foster the life of the soul, both in the individual and in human society, on the basis of a true acquaintance of the spiritual world. (Rudolf Steiner lecture on deform and the Races of Humankind 1923, Lon gull) Such a definition discloses the spiritual implication of Anthroposophy. The life of the soul could be also suggested as a religious term as well as the spiritual world.Steiners allegation of true knowledgein the definition evokes the idea that no other philosophy baron be true and thus can Anthroposophy be viewed as a sect according to some definitions. Despite the fact that Waldorf schools deny being religious or occultist, many putting green sources define Anthroposophy as a religious movement. Encyclopedia Britannica defines Anthroposophy as a movement based on the notion that there is a spiritual world comprehensible to pure but accessible only to the highest faculties of mental knowledge (http//www. ritannica. com, 20/11/12) The Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary defines Anthroposophy as a 20th century religious system growing out of theosophy and centering on human development. (http//www. m-w. com/cgibin/dictionary, 20/11/12).The Oxford Dictionary of philosophy interpret s Anthroposophy in a similar way and names it The Christian and occultist movement associated with Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) emphasizing the cultivation of spiritual nature and the way to gain spiritual awareness of a higher world (Oxford, 1994, p. 5) Anthroposophy is not only involved in education but we can recognize this philosophical direction in some(prenominal) other activities including healing dance eurhythmy, the arts, medical practice, health and hygiene, biodynamic agriculture, banking and financial consulting, publishing, the anthropological Society and also a formal Church called The Christian Community. (http//www. waldorfcritics. org, 6/12/12). Criticism of Waldorf SchoolsEducation or schooling of our children should surely be objective as much as possible without occultist practices. We should educate strong-minded human beings commensurate to view their lives with freedom, able to search for verifiable information themselves without penalties. Freedom of choic e should be the right for every individual. superstar should not be excluded or asked to leave when communicate inconvenient or suspicious questions.The cause is not only found in personal perplex of many people, but there are several commentaries about obscure theories and indefinite views described on a website for non-sectarian schools called PLANS. We can find a number of such websites that criticize similar matters but PLANS seems to be working with dedicated researchers, people who utilise to work very closely for the Waldorf schools and whose first great impression of the whole system reached alarming proportions aft(prenominal) several years inside the system.Many a reader whitethorn raise objections against their criticism but since there are always the same asked questions and repeatedly occurring the same problems that harm, we should not make light of this problem. One should be aware of the fact that it is not a common criticism of an ordinary school system and it s problems. Students as well as their parents naturally face everyday unpleasant situations that appear at school due to many common factors.Such ordinary problems often emerge from misunderstanding of two sides, students negative attitude towards their studies and similar problems. In Waldorf schools there certainly arise the already mentioned problems as well but what makes the two educational systems different is the fact that people involved in the common educational process do not usually set up, chiefly speaking, groups against the system or organizations inquisitory for precise fundamental questions about the nature of certain practices of the system itself.The following quotation from the website can written report a broad outline of PLANS to clarify their activities. Welcome People for Legal and Non-Sectarian Schools (PLANS) is a world-wide network of former(prenominal) Waldorf parents, teachers, students, administrators and trustees who come from a variety of backgrou nds with a common goal to educate the public about the humankind behind Waldorfs facade of progressive, arts-based education. Waldorf is the most visible activity of Anthroposophy, an occultist sect founded by Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925). (www. waldorfcritics. org 4/12/12) The statement about the most visible activity of Anthroposophymight be one of the crucial points that may cause the everlasting confusion in understanding of who they actually are. There are certain signs that most decidedly catch the observers eye and facilitate Waldorf schools. It is always the choice of colours, natural materials and pictures that often portray angels or such spiritual beings. Symbolism is used across the whole Waldorf educational system.These indications and signs often lead the outside observer to a conclusion that Waldorf school uses religious devices to present itself. however one of the official definitions of Waldorf school found in Webster Dictionary states that Waldorf education (also known as Steiner education) is the largest independent alternative educational movement in the world. It is based on the ideas of Rudolf Steiner, the founder of anthroposophy. Learning is interdisciplinary, integrating practical, artistic, and conceptual elements.The approach emphasizes the role of the imagination in learning, developing thinking that includes a creative as well as an analytic component. The educational philosophys everywherearching goals are to provide young people the basis on which to develop into free, morally responsible and integrated individuals and to help every child fulfil his or her unique destiny, the existence of which anthroposophy posits. Schools and teachers are given considerable freedom to define curricula within collegial structures. (www. merriam-webster. om 9/1/13) In the definition the reader does not slang any information about religious or occultist practice in Waldorf education. The whole characteristic of the school seems unique, intere sting and at first masses describing an ideal type of school. Many a parent prefers such a school and there is no wonder that the description attracts parents who want to have an independent, creative child that is voluntarily seeking knowledge. The last decry of the definition is nevertheless crucial and to an educated and experienced teacher, it probably foreshadows further questions.At this point it is intrinsic to emphasize that particularly the Czech Waldorf school collegial structures are made up of often non- teachers or of teachers who reached the high school education only. A further sample of the text written by Debra Snell, the chair of the association PLANS summarizes, through her personal experience, the feelings and thoughts of majority of people who happened to be a part or came into receive with the Waldorf education. My personal experience with Waldorf was very confusing.Instead of the progressive and liberal alternative school I was led to expect by the school s promotional materials and staff, I discovered a rigid, authoritarian milieu that seemed to be rooted in a medieval dogma that I did not understand. When, in an crusade to make sense of things, I asked questions about this, I found Waldorf teachers to be strangely defensive. I was stunned to arrive at the conclusion that the education of children at least as I use the term education did not seem to be the schools most important focus and objective.But what was? I began to ask questions. What is Anthroposophy? why dont teachers allow students in the preschool through the other(a) elementary grades to use black crayons in their drawings? Why do students use the wet-on-wet watercolour painting technique exclusively for so many years? Why is mythology taught as history? Where is the American flag, and why dont Waldorf schools teach civics lessons in America? In a school system that promotes itself as education toward freedom, why do students copy everything from the blackboard?W hy do Waldorf teachers talk in high voices and sing-song directions to their classes? Why must the kindergarten room walls be painted peach blossom? Why is learning to read beforehand the age of 8 or 9 considered unhealthy? Why do so many Waldorf classes have problems with bullying, and what is the schools policy for dealing with this? Why are teachers always lighting candles? (www. waldorfcritics. org 4/12/12) Snell points out existing questions and facts many parents begin to sense when explanations to their questions start being vague or ambiguous. every(prenominal) question is worth answering especially a question of a parent or a child. Unfortunately many parents who place their children to Waldorf school often get a recommendation to leave when asking too much. Why are not the answers obvious and logical? Why do not the parents receive any straight explanation? There have been many similar questions asked by parents all over the world and as we can see, while browsing the in ternet and other sources such as debates and newspaper publisher articles, very often such questions stay unanswered.No matter which country the Waldorf school backers come from, their experience and feelings are very similar. They wish to find clear answers, which is not a simple task, but generally one could be satisfied at least to gain some basic awareness and knowledge of the facts why at all we shall ask these questions. There are so many controversial issues, such as writing in capital letters only until the age of eight, as well as not learning to read until a certain time, the prohibition of electronic devices such as a CD, DVD player, a computer or the lighting of candles to attract the good spiritual forces.